Suicide – Prevention, intervention, and the relationship with mood disorders

Suicide: Prevention, Intervention, and the Relationship with Mood Disorders

Hofstra, E., van Nieuwenhuizen, C., Bakker, M., Özgül, D., Elfeddali, I., de Jong, S. J., & van der Feltz-Cornelis, C. M. (2020). Effectiveness of suicide prevention interventions: A systematic review and meta-analysis. General hospital psychiatry, 63, 127–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2019.04.011

The objective of this study is to examine the effect size of suicide prevention interventions and their potential synergistic effects. Hofstra et al. (2020) used meta-analysis and systematic review methods in this study. The results of the study show a significant impact on completed and attempted suicides. The research further reveals a higher effect on the number of intervention levels. Hence, the paper concludes that suicide prevention interventions are helpful if one wants to prevent suicides and attempted suicides. Thus, it should be employed by those in the psychiatric field. Even so, more research is needed to evaluate risk appraisal for completed and attempted suicides.

This study gives a deeper understanding of the value of suicide prevention interventions for people with suicide ideation. The research is reliable, mainly because it is scientific research that employs methods like systemic review and meta-analysis. However, when using this source, one should be aware of the potential biases in systemic reviews, such as selection bias, study design bias, publication bias, and selective outcome reporting. All these can make the results un-generalizable. Even so, the ideas shared, and other studies and literature support the arguments the researcher offers, and thus it can be helpful in this topic.

Wasserman et al. (2021) are keen on explaining suicide prevalence and how it can be prevented. Therefore, the researcher employed a narrative review method that they use to discuss the risk factors as well as the prevalence of suicidal ideation and behavior among mentally ill patients. The same narrative review is used to examine the evidence-based approaches used in the assessment and treatment of suicide and suicide ideations. The result of this study is essential since it shows that it is crucial to undertake early interventions and treatment of any psychiatric illnesses. Psychiatric diagnosis is also considered relevant as it gives more information on causes of death for psychiatrically ill patients.

The research by Wasserman et al. (2021) is useful in creating a more profound understanding of the subject of psychiatric illnesses and suicide. It is a study that can help support claims regarding the connection between psychiatric diseases and suicides. Most importantly, the arguments made in the paper are supported by peer-reviewed work and ideas from other reputable articles. Even so, when using it, one should be keen on its weakness, where it does not offer conclusive guideline statements and does not give evidence-based synthesis to focused questions.

Linskens, E. J., Venables, N. C., Gustavson, A. M., Sayer, N. A., Murdoch, M., MacDonald, R., Ullman, K. E., McKenzie, L. G., Wilt, T. J., & Sultan, S. (2023). Population- and Community-Based Interventions to Prevent Suicide. Crisis, 44(4), 330–340. https://doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000873

This study by Linskens et al. (2023) reviews the helpfulness of new population-level suicide deterrence strategies or new community-based prevention approaches. The method used is a systemic review of research journals published between January 2010 and November 2020. The results of the study showed that it is possible to reduce suicide through the use of interventions that limit access to lethal means and implementation of organizational policies and effective cultures in the police working environment, but most importantly, by involving community screening for psychiatric issues like depression. The research confirmed that community-based interventions are effective in reducing suicides and also in implementing organizational policies and helpful rules in the working environment.

This study has a lot to offer in understanding the community’s involvement in reducing suicides. It also uncovers new approaches like community-based interventions and shows they are effective. However, one should consider the limitations of this study, as revealed by the researchers themselves. The observational studies lacked adjustment of the confounding variable or even a control group. In the end, the evidence was unclear and inconsistent, thus making the study results impossible to generalize.

du Roscoät, E., & Beck, F. (2013). Efficient interventions on suicide prevention: a literature review. Revue d’epidemiologie et de sante publique, 61(4), 363–374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respe.2013.01.099

The aim of this study by du Roscoät and Beck (2013) is done with the intention of examining the interventions used to prevent suicide. Also, the intention is to provide useful input to the development of actions that professionals can use to prevent suicides. For this study, the researchers used a review of the literature and thus evaluated 41 published peer-reviewed journals. The research results showed that lack of contact with the patient after hospitalization and limited access to lethal means limit the three most effective categories of interventions.

This study is rich in information on the issues of psychiatric health, especially when it comes to connecting it to other factors. The study explicitly clarifies that factors existing before the psychiatric disorder should be considered. Therefore, this study is practical when seeking to understand the connection between suicide and the available interventions. The challenge with this study is that it is a literature review; thus, it has biases, especially with the interpretation of the literature.

Malhi, G. S., Das, P., Outhred, T., Bryant, R. A., Calhoun, V., & Mann, J. J. (2020). Default mode dysfunction underpins suicidal activity in mood disorders. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291719001132

This research aims to examine the neurobiology of suicidal activity. The method used in this research is a controlled experiment where 79 adults with depressed mood disorder were sampled. Out of this population, 25 attempted suicide, and 66 had healthy control of their condition. MRI was used to identify the neural activity differences between the population that attempted suicide and the other that did not attempt suicide. The results showed the connection between the function of the brain and cognitive networks like Default Mode (DMN), Executive Control (ECN), Basal Ganglia (BGN), and Salience (SN). The study confirmed that mood disorders have an impairment in their self-referential thoughts.

The research has excellent information that can be used to understand the connection between mood disorders and suicide. The research also offers arguments supported by peer-reviewed literature and other literature on psychology. It is, therefore, correct to conclude that there is a connection between mood disorder and suicide. The only limitation is that the study did not examine any other underlying factors like the use of substances or even the events surrounding the lives of the sampled population.

Williams, R., Chiesa, M., Moselli, M., Frattini, C., Casini, M., & Fonagy, P. (2023). The relationship between mood disorders, personality disorder, and suicidality in adolescence: does general personality disturbance play a significant role in predicting suicidal behavior?. Borderline personality disorder and emotion dysregulation, 10(1), 32. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40479-023-00238-9

The researchers in this paper set out to examine the independent and cumulative effects of DSM-IV PDs and major depressive disorders (MDD) on suicide. The researchers sampled 118 adolescents who were referred for treatment for suicidal ideation and assessment for suicide. The study results showed that there are dimensional PDs and MDs, which are primary risk factors causing suicide attempts and ideation.

Since this research sampled more than 100 participants, it offers results that can be generalized. Moreover, the researcher’s arguments are backed by valid sources that provide credible outcomes from other studies. The research contributes significantly to this area of study because of the information it offers. Most importantly, it can be used in a study in this area to gain more insight. One should, however, be concerned about the study’s existing limitations, such as the use of traditional descriptions of PD assessment. Also, the study focused on adolescents only, and there is a need for a survey that covers people of different ages and not any similar or other trends.

References

Malhi, G. S., Das, P., Outhred, T., Bryant, R. A., Calhoun, V., & Mann, J. J. (2020). Default mode dysfunction underpins suicidal activity in mood disorders. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291719001132

Wasserman, D., Carli, V., Iosue, M., Javed, A., & Herrman, H. (2021). Suicide prevention in psychiatric patients. Asia-Pacific psychiatry: official journal of the Pacific Rim College of Psychiatrists, 13(3), e12450. https://doi.org/10.1111/appy.12450

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Question

This week, you will complete an annotated bibliography for a position paper related to mood disorders that you will complete in Week 5.

Suicide – Prevention, intervention, and the relationship with mood disorders

An annotated bibliography is a summary and analysis of a journal article. For this assignment, you must provide an annotated bibliography of at least six peer-reviewed academic journal articles describing research related to your chosen topic. The articles do not need to be empirical studies but are required to be primary sources. Each article must have been published within the past five years.

Suicide – Prevention, intervention, and the relationship with mood disorders