NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 2 Applying Research Skills

Applying Research Skills – Healthcare System Errors

Healthcare system errors lower the quality of healthcare services. They are associated with poor patient outcomes and high treatment costs. In addition, healthcare system errors have a negative financial implications on a healthcare facility (Waldenu.edu, n.d.). These errors are likely to attract penalties and reduce reimbursements for facilities that use value-based reimbursement programs. Various etiological factors have been implicated in healthcare system errors. They include the lack of open communication, the inadequacy of policies, optimized staff ratios, technical problems, and the lack of appropriate health technology (Ahmed et al., 2019; Waldenu.edu, n.d.). Data demonstrate that healthcare system errors account for approximately 98,000 mortalities annually in the USA (Waldenu.edu, n.d.).

Various issues constitute healthcare system errors. They include medication errors, misdiagnosis, surgical injuries, wrong transfusions, pressure ulcers, and wrong placement of medical devices (Ahmed et al., 2019; Pelzang & Hutchinson, 2018). As a nurse, I play a key role in reducing the incidence of healthcare system errors. To accomplish this, I should work in concert with interdisciplinary team members to uphold care coordination. I will improve the performance of key benchmark metrics and nursing-sensitive indicators by reducing the incidences of healthcare system errors. During my clinical practice, I witnessed a case of medication error. My colleague requested me to double-check the medication before she could administer them. Subsequently, this enabled me to pinpoint the wrong patient’s identity. Administration to the wrong patient would increase the risk of hypersensitivity reactions, toxicities, and adverse drug events.

Identifying Academic Peer-Reviewed Journal Articles

I used three online medical databases to access peer-reviewed articles. These databases are PubMed, Google Scholar, and The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. These databases have customized features that enabled me to select journal articles published within the past five years. I used keywords such as “healthcare” and “errors” to ensure that the retrieved journals were relevant to my topic.

Assessing Credibility and Relevance of Information Sources

I used the currency, relevance, authority, accuracy, and purpose (CRAAP) criteria to assess the credibility of my information sources. I selected peer-reviewed articles and information from credible organizational websites. I upheld currency by selecting articles published within the past five years. I ensured that the credentials and qualifications of the authors were relevant for them to publish healthcare-related information. In addition, I checked for the logical flow of ideas, citations, and references to ensure accuracy. Furthermore, I counterchecked the purpose of the journal articles to ensure that they were harmonious with my topic.

NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 2 Applying Research Skills

Annotated Bibliography

Ahmed, Z., Saada, M., Jones, A. M., & Al-Hamid, A. M. (2019). Medical errors: Healthcare professionals’ perspective at a tertiary hospital in Kuwait. PLoS ONE, 14(5), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0217023

This article aims to identify the causes of various medical errors and explore measures to prevent medical errors in Kuwait. According to the authors, medical errors account for about 60 percent of prolonged hospitalizations, 32 percent of adverse events, and 20 percent of mortalities. Findings indicate that misdiagnosis, wrong labeling, wrong dosage, wrong route of medication administration, and the lack of detailed instructions are common medical errors in Kuwait. The factors associated with medical errors include a lack of optimized staff ratios, inadequate knowledge and training, negligence, and poor communication. Defective interdisciplinary collaboration and non-compliance to organizational policies and procedures are the other causes of medical errors.

This article is relevant because it identifies the types of medical errors that constitute healthcare system errors. Additionally, the article identifies the causes and impact of these healthcare system errors. This information will form the basis for formulating relevant strategies to minimize the incidence of these errors in Kuwait.

Alizadeh, G., Jafarzadeh, A., & Farough Khosravi, M. (2021). Scoping Review of Computerized Physician Order Entry Systems in Reducing Medical Errors. Evidence-Based Health Policy, Management, and Economics, 5(2), 142–150. https://doi.org/10.18502/jebhpme.v5i2.6559

This article aims at investigating the impact of a computerized medical order entry system on the reduction of medical errors. The authors report that medical errors have a negative economic and clinical impact on patients and the healthcare facility. Also, findings indicate that computerized systems reduce medication errors by promoting prompt and accurate identification of potential errors. As such, healthcare technology should be embraced to ensure that manual systems are phased out. The use of the computerized medical order entry system reduced prescription errors by approximately 30 percent, whereas medication administration errors were reduced by approximately seven percent. Furthermore, this technology reduces errors related to the selection and distribution of medication.

This article is relevant because it explains the impact of a computerized medical order entry system on the reduction of medical errors. Additionally, it identifies the types of medical errors that can be reduced by technology. These findings guide the decision-making process in selecting and implementing computerized medical order entry systems.

NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 2 Applying Research Skills

Di Simone, E., Giannetta, N., Auddino, F., Cicotto, A., Grilli, D., & Di Muzio, M. (2018). Medication errors in the emergency department: Knowledge, attitude, behavior, and training needs of nurses. Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine, 22(5), 346–352. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijccm.IJCCM_63_18

This article evaluates nursing expertise that helps to minimize medication administration errors in the emergency department. Data collection was accomplished by administering questionnaires to nurses. The authors indicate that approximately 85 percent of the respondents reported that continuous training and education should be embraced to avert medication administration errors. Additionally, post-graduate training on administering intravenous medication can help to minimize the incidence of medication administration errors. Only 15 percent of the respondents were confident about the correct medication preparation and administration technique. Further, about 89 percent of the respondents identified the need for refresher training. According to the authors, the introduction of new drugs and the need for patient safety necessitates the advancement of nurses’ pharmacology skills.

This article is relevant because it evaluates nurses’ knowledge gaps that should be addressed to minimize the incidence of medication errors. Medication errors constitute healthcare system errors. By so doing, relevant stakeholders can take pertinent measures to increase nurses’ knowledge, skills, and competency. In this context, the importance of continuous refresher training and developing a comprehensive curriculum has been highlighted.

Pelzang, R., & Hutchinson, A. M. (2018). Patient safety issues and concerns in Bhutan’s healthcare system: A qualitative exploratory descriptive study. BMJ Open, 8(7). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022788

The purpose of this article is to evaluate the perceptions of healthcare practitioners about potential healthcare system errors. The authors conducted a qualitative descriptive study. Findings demonstrate that the key healthcare system errors include medication errors, misdiagnosis, surgical errors, wrong patient identity, poor communication, and nosocomial infections. According to the authors, multifactorial causes have been linked to these problems. This can be mitigated by various strategies such as developing elaborate organizational policies, improving organizational infrastructure, proper resource allocation, and open communication. According to the authors, these healthcare system errors are commensurate with those reported in middle and low-income countries.

This article is relevant because it identifies the types of healthcare system errors and proposes measures to mitigate these errors. This information enables nurses and other stakeholders to formulate appropriate strategies for increasing their productivity and the quality of healthcare services. As a result, the incidence of healthcare system errors will be reduced.

NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 2 Applying Research Skills

Learnings from the Research

This research equipped me with relevant knowledge about healthcare system errors. Notably, the articles by Ahmed et al. (2019) and Pelzang and Hutchinson (2018) enabled me to identify different types of healthcare system errors. On the other hand, Alizadeh et al. (2021) enabled me to appreciate the importance of an electronic health record system in minimizing medical errors. Furthermore, this research enabled me to understand the use of the CRAAP criteria to assess the credibility of articles.

References

Ahmed, Z., Saada, M., Jones, A. M., & Al-Hamid, A. M. (2019). Medical errors: Healthcare professionals’ perspective at a tertiary hospital in Kuwait. PLoS ONE, 14(5), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0217023

Alizadeh, G., Jafarzadeh, A., & Farough Khosravi, M. (2021). Scoping Review of Computerized Physician Order Entry Systems in Reducing Medical Errors. Evidence-Based Health Policy, Management, and Economics, 5(2), 142–150. https://doi.org/10.18502/jebhpme.v5i2.6559

Di Simone, E., Giannetta, N., Auddino, F., Cicotto, A., Grilli, D., & Di Muzio, M. (2018). Medication errors in the emergency department: Knowledge, attitude, behavior, and training needs of nurses. Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine, 22(5), 346–352. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijccm.IJCCM_63_18

Esparrago-Kalidas, A. J. (2021). The Effectiveness of CRAAP Test in Evaluating Credibility of Sources. International Journal of TESOL & Education, 1(2), 1–14.

Waldenu.edu. (n.d.). Common Healthcare System Errors and Causes Every MSN Graduate Should Know About. https://www.waldenu.edu/online-masters-programs/master-of-science-in-nursing/resource/common-healthcare-system-errors-and-causes-every-msn-graduate-should-know-about

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Question

NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 2 Applying Research Skills

Create a 2-4 page annotated bibliography and summary based on your research related to best practices addressing one of the health care problems or issues in the Assessment Topic Areas media piece faced by a health care organization that is of interest to you.