Article Summary

I intend to practice in emergency care settings. The fact about emergency care is that it is the first point of contact with patients seeking clinical care who are in critical condition due to sustained injuries or illness. This means that emergency care settings must provide care that is timely as per the 3Ps of emergency care, which are to preserve life, prevent further injury, and promote recovery. This means providing care without much information on the patient: Article Summary.

As we have learned about emergency care settings from the COVID-19 pandemic, it is possible to have an overflow of patients in the emergency department who need emergency attention. There are various ways that AI can be used in the emergency department to solve some of these issues of patient information and overcrowding.

Research evidence presented by Born et al. (2024) shows that AI integration into the emergency department can provide targeted solutions to the issues of overcrowding and lack of data for diagnosis and treatment by providing AI-based models that can forecast demand to guide resource allocations, AI-based decision-support systems which can support case registration, triage, diagnosis, and treatment. Additionally, these AI-based technologies, including AI-driven text recognition and monitoring systems, can also help with the development and management of big data on patients, supporting patient observation (Born et al., 2024).

Ethical, Legal, and Safety Issues

Multiple ethical, legal, and safety concerns are associated with using AI in healthcare settings, including privacy and surveillance, bias and discrimination, and human autonomy in judgment (Naik et al., 2022). An ethical issue with AI use in healthcare is the issue of bias in healthcare service delivery. There is evidence that AI models that are meant to be employed in healthcare, as with general AI models, inherit existing systemic, social, and historical inequities and biases present in their training data at scale (Naik et al., 2022). Such AI models have the potential to lead to biased diagnosis, treatment, and disease management within the population, leading to further racial and socioeconomic disparities.

Another major issue with the use of AI in healthcare settings is legal issues from the perspectives of accountability and liability in case of mistakes that lead to harm during patient care. Naik et al. (2022) note that unlike human care providers such as doctors, technologies or technologists do not have any obligation under any requirements of law to account for their actions.

This means that clinicians using technologies such as AI are not accountable for the output of the data generated by AI, creating a lack of accountability and concerns over patient safety in the use of such technologies in patient care settings (Born et al., 2024). Additionally, the safety issue with patient data, besides arising from the lack of accountability for user decisions and bias in outputs, also results from the accuracy of the data. The biased data can lead to false diagnoses and undertreatment.

Mitigating Strategies

To overcome the legal, ethical, and safety challenges and concerns with the use of AI in healthcare, targeted implementation during the creation of the AI systems is required. For instance, to overcome the legal issue of accountability with the use of AI, clinicians need to use these systems only to provide disease treatment and control ideas but base all decisions on treatment judgment on individual and professional understanding (Naik et al., 2022); while the ethical concern of bias in the use of AI in care delivery can be mitigated by diversifying the data used to train the models.

Additionally, the client safety issue of the accuracy of results based on AI systems can be mitigated by human validation of the ideas and suggestions for disease prognosis, treatment, and control provided by the AI model used (Naik et al., 2022).

Reflection

As an advanced nurse, I wholly support the use of AI in healthcare. The use of AI will improve workflow in all care settings and the accuracy of tests and treatments by quickly searching for evidence from several databases and reviewing evidence from thousands of research papers, reduce the workload on clinicians and encourage APNs to work collaboratively across the globe. The knowledge I have gained from exploring the applications of AI in healthcare will help me improve my effectiveness as an APN by understanding how to utilize AI systems in patient care and in evidence-based research. It will also help me understand the associated risks of using AI and other technologies and how to avoid such risks.

References

Ahmed, I., Jeon, G., & Piccialli, F. (2022). From Artificial Intelligence to Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Industry 4.0: A Survey on What, How, and Where. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 18(8), 5031–5042. https://doi.org/10.1109/TII.2022.3146552

Born, C., Wildmoser, J., Schwarz, R., Bottcher, T., Hein, A., & Krcmar, H. (2024). Identifying potentials for Artificial Intelligence-based process support along the emergency department care pathway to alleviate overcrowding. Procedia Computer Science, 239, 1705–1712. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PROCS.2024.06.348

Korteling, J. E. (Hans), van de Boer-Visschedijk, G. C., Blankendaal, R. A. M., Boonekamp, R. C., & Eikelboom, A. R. (2021). Human- versus Artificial Intelligence. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, 4, 622364. https://doi.org/10.3389/FRAI.2021.622364/BIBTEX

Mike, M. (2024, December 6). A new risk atop ECRI’s annual health tech hazards list: AI. https://www.healthcareitnews.com/news/new-risk-atop-ecris-annual-health-tech-hazards-list-ai

Naik, N., Hameed, B. M. Z., Shetty, D. K., Swain, D., Shah, M., Paul, R., Aggarwal, K., Brahim, S., Patil, V., Smriti, K., Shetty, S., Rai, B. P., Chlosta, P., & Somani, B. K. (2022). Legal and Ethical Consideration in Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: Who Takes Responsibility? Frontiers in Surgery, 9, 862322. https://doi.org/10.3389/FSURG.2022.862322/BIBTEX

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Visit the Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society (HIMSS) Healthcare IT News homepageLinks to an external site..https://www.healthcareitnews.com/

1. Select an article or white paper published on the HIMSS Healthcare IT News homepage within the past 6 months related to artificial intelligence or precision medicine. News articles and editorials may be used to find an example of an emerging technology and must be appropriately cited.
2. Download the Week 6 Emerging Technologies templateLinks to an external site.. Use of the template is required. If the template is not used, a 10% deduction will be applied. See the rubric. Save the template and include your name in the file name.
3. Write 1000 – 1500 words (excluding title and reference pages).
4. Use APA in-text citations and complete references to support your writing.
5. Follow APA current edition rules for grammar, spelling, word usage, and punctuation consistent with formal, scholarly writing.
6. Abide by Chamberlain University’s academic integrity policy.

Include the following sections (detailed criteria listed below and in the grading rubric):

1. Article Selection
   • Select an article or white paper published on the HIMSS Healthcare IT News homepage within the past 6 months related to artificial intelligence or precision medicine.
2. Article Summary
   • Provide a clear summary of the article.
   • Identify and define the emerging technology described in the article.
   • Provide an in-text citation from one scholarly source to support your writing.
3. Example of Technology
   • Describe your intended area of practice.
   • Provide an example of how the emerging technology could be used in your future area of nursing practice.
   • Provide an in-text citation from one scholarly source to support your writing.
4. Ethical, Legal, and Safety Issues
   • Describe at least one legal issue related to the emerging technology.
   • Describe at least one ethical concern related to the emerging technology.
   • Describe at least one client safety concern related to the emerging technology.
   • Provide an in-text citation from one scholarly source to support your writing.
     

     Article Summary

5. Mitigating Strategies
   • Describe a mitigating strategy for the identified legal issue related to the emerging technology.
   • Describe a mitigating strategy for the identified ethical concern related to the emerging technology.
   • Describe a mitigating strategy for the identified client safety concern related to the emerging technology.
   • Provide an in-text citation from one scholarly source to support your writing.
6. Reflection
   • Identify whether you support the use of the technology in healthcare.
   • Provide a rationale for why or why not.
   • Reflect on how the knowledge will improve your effectiveness as an advanced practice nurse.

APA Format: Citation and Reference Formation