Annotated Bibliography- Psychology and Law

The Significant Principles Related to Psychology and Law

Freckelton I. (2023). Expert Diagnostic Evidence By Psychologists: Disciplinary Tensions and Admissibility Issues. Journal of law and medicine, 30(1), 58–69.

This basic research study by Freckelton (2023) explores psychologists’ role as experts on legal matters, especially in courts. The researcher begins by describing the long history that psychiatrists have had as professionals offering expert opinions in courts. Within this research study, the researcher focused on the controversy that has existed since the 1960s on the expert opinion of psychiatrists in courts. The specific problem discussed herein is the controversy that emerged because psychologists’ diagnosis relies heavily on two taxonomies: the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Diseases and the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. This is a controversy that this paper has discussed and examined through the lens of the decisions made on the same issue in Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Through this work, the researchers conclude that this tendency in recent case laws favors psychologists who are permitted to provide this kind of evidence, even though they must do so on a case-by-case basis when there is sufficient specialized knowledge regarding the diagnosis that a psychiatrist has proposed.

This study by Freckelton (2023) offers a lot of knowledge principles connected to psychology and law. In this specific paper, the researcher has explained the controversy that arises when psychiatrists offer expert diagnoses using two taxonomies. This research paper thus has ideas that resonate well with the topic. Most importantly, the ideas discussed herein are supported by other studies in psychology that explain that a psychiatric diagnosis of criminals sometimes influences court decisions. Thus, the ideas in this research paper are valid. The researcher’s reliance on reliable sources lends credibility to the contents as well.

On the other hand, it is essential to note that this paper may have limitations based on the research approach used by the scholar. The paper is a basic research, meaning the researcher explains a topic while relying on sources. However, they interpret the information based on their analysis. The issue with this research approach is that it is prone to bias because the researcher offers their opinions based on the analysis made by another researcher. Even so, the information it offers can help researchers understand the principles related to law and psychology.

Petherick, W., & Brooks, N. (2020). Reframing criminal profiling: a guide for integrated practice. Psychiatry, psychology, and law: an interdisciplinary journal of the Australian and New Zealand Association of Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 28(5), 694–710. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218719.2020.1837030

Criminal profiling is one area in which psychiatrists are primarily involved because it deals with the behavior and personalities of the criminal. Therefore, Petherick and Brooks (2020) are discussing this topic, looking at some of the challenges that exist due to the currently used criminal profiling approach. What stands out is that the researchers in this paper review a different approach to criminal profiling that they believe is better than the currently used profiling because they believe it causes inconsistencies. The researcher proposes using CRIME approach profiling, which encompasses crime scene evaluation, investigative opinions, relevance of research, method of investigation, and evaluation.

This study shows the importance of profiling in crime investigation. Also, it shows how criminal profiling connects law and psychology. As such, like the other peer-reviewed paper, this article adds knowledge to the more prominent topic of the principles related to psychology and law. In this case, criminal profiling is one such principle.

Further, the ideas in this paper are reliable because they resonate with other arguments given by scholars who undertake studies on criminal justice and how it connects to psychology. The other benefit of using this paper in research is that the researcher has relied on credible sources. However, like the other paper, this peer-reviewed research is basic. Thus, it can be interpreted from the perspective of the researcher. However, it offers valuable information on the topic.

Major Influences on the Field of Psychology and Law

Huminuik, K., O’Connor, M., Dockett, K., Kallivayalil, D. J., McFarland, S. G., & Wyndham, J. M. (2022). Moving human rights to the forefront of psychology: Summary of the final report of the APA task force on human rights. The American psychologist, 77(4), 589– 601. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000897

There is a connection between psychology and human rights. In this specific study, the researchers expounded on the relationship between the two. The report they discussed is the American Psychological Association (APA) Task Force on Human Rights. They examine how it defines human rights in connection to psychology. The research paper also deeply explains the historical connection that psychology and human rights have shared. Specifically, they examine human welfare, social justice, and public interests as some of the issues connected to psychology. Human rights is a legal principle, so it is clear that psychology and law are connected and human rights is a factor that influences the two.

This is also basic research, and it provides excellent information on human rights’ role in influencing psychology and law simultaneously. This study shows that the two fields are distinct, but some factors, like human rights, influence the two. This research approach is susceptible to biases based on the researcher’s own beliefs, as was previously indicated. Even so, this paper reaffirms that human rights are a factor that affects both psychology and law. Thus, one can see the connection between the two, making this valuable paper a research study.

Catley, P., & Claydon, L. (2023). Why neuroscience changes some things but not everything for the law. Handbook of Clinical Neurology, 197, 251–264. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0- 12-821375-9.00016-5

Neuropsychology also is a factor that influences both psychology and the law. Neuropsychologists are sometimes needed for their expert opinion on criminals before the court of law. In this paper, the researcher examines neuroscience’s role in the courts and in legal decisions involving crime. In this study, the researcher focused on the Netherlands, Argentina, Canada, England, Slovenia, Scotland, the United States, and Australia. Researchers discovered in this study that some nations hold the view that there are situations involving criminal problems in which scientific explanation is not required. Their view, however, is that it is essential to engage science even when scientific consensus is lacking.

This paper gives more profound knowledge of the importance of psychiatric science when making legal decisions involving crimes. Thus, this paper reaffirms the ideas discussed by various scholars that there is a connection between psychology and law. This means this paper can be relied on to explain this topic or expand on ideas within this subject. The paper’s outcomes can also be generalized because the researcher has examined several countries. Also, the researchers’ use of peer-reviewed journals in their study makes the paper reliable and credible.

The Changes in the Legal System that May Pose Ethical Dilemmas for Psychology

Flynn, A. W. P., Domínguez, S., Jordan, R. A. S., Dyer, R. L., & Young, E. I. (2021). When the political is professional: Civil disobedience in psychology. The American psychologist, 76(8), 1217–1231. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000867

There are points at which psychologists or psychiatrists may be in a dilemma due to laws. In this study by Flynn et al. (2021), the researchers explore the role of psychologists in civil disobedience to push for transformative change. In this specific research, the researcher looked at the role of psychiatrists in civil disobedience concerning the case of Ohio House Bill 658. At the same time, this discussion does not directly show the psychologists’ dilemma. It is evident that psychiatrists occasionally find themselves in a difficult situation since they must support legal matters while also advocating for their patients’ rights. For instance, they engage in civil disobedience, as in the discussion.

This research paper connects with the topic because it explores a subject area of concern, and other scholars in psychology also discuss it. The fact that the researcher has conducted a scientific study and has relied on credible sources makes this journal reliable and credible in researching this subject. Also, this study has examined a real-life scenario in the case of Ohio, making it more reliable and applicable when researching this topic. The only limitation of this paper is that it focuses on one example, yet there may be many other cases that do not deal with welfare, which can still place the psychiatrist in a dilemma.

Cosgrove, L., & Shaughnessy, A. F. (2020). Mental Health as a Basic Human Right and the Interference of Commercialized Science. Health and human rights, 22(1), 61–68.

This study examines the connection between law and psychology and where some conflicts may emerge. The researchers hold the idea that there is a need for consensus when it comes to the application of psychology to mental health concerning crimes. The researchers believe that there is a dominance of mythical models that influenced psychiatry, and this has increased emphasis on intra-individual solutions, which undermines the social and psychosocial determinants of health. In a nutshell, the researchers argue that there is a need for a rights-based approach to mental health to reduce the impact of commercial interests in the mental health field. In other words, the paper brings to the fore the conflicts that can exist in psychology when there are financial interests and a need to treat them.

This is another basic research paper, so it is likely biased based on the ideas the researcher deduced from the articles they reviewed. Even so, the research explores some dilemmas concerning legal issues that can emerge in psychology. In this case, an issue may emerge when science is commercialized at the expense of the needs of the industry. In the end, some legal approach is needed to control the status quo. This area of study is essential for a researcher intending to explore this subject, thus making it a valuable journal

References

Cosgrove, L., & Shaughnessy, A. F. (2020). Mental Health as a Basic Human Right and the Interference of Commercialized Science. Health and human rights, 22(1), 61–68.

Freckelton I. (2023). Expert Diagnostic Evidence By Psychologists: Disciplinary Tensions and Admissibility Issues. Journal of law and medicine, 30(1), 58–69.

Petherick, W., & Brooks, N. (2020). Reframing criminal profiling: a guide for integrated practice. Psychiatry, psychology, and law: an interdisciplinary journal of the Australian and New Zealand Association of Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 28(5), 694–710. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218719.2020.1837030

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Question

Annotated Bibliography
This week, you will complete an annotated bibliography for a position paper that will be due in Week 5.

Choosing what area of psychology and law you want to study begins with examining the following areas related to the course competencies. Choose 3 areas from the list below. One thing to remember this is a course on psychology and law so the research should be related to that.

Annotated Bibliography- Psychology and Law

The major theories associated with psychology and law.
The major principles related to psychology and law.
The role of psychology in the legal system from a historical perspective.
The historical and contemporary roles of psychology and the legal system.
Major influences on the field of psychology and law.
Multifaceted nature of psychology in law and recognize evolving trends.
The changes in the legal system may pose ethical dilemmas for psychology.
Using the South University Online Library database (ProQuest or EBSCOHOST) only, find journal articles related to each of the three areas chosen. The types of articles that you will need to find are research articles located in scholarly journals. Scholarly journal articles are also referred to as primary source peer-reviewed articles. What cannot be used for this assignment are web pages, magazines, newspapers, textbooks, and other books. Finally, current research for our purposes is an article that was published within the last 5 years.

Write a summary for each of the journal articles found.

Annotated Bibliography- Psychology and Law