Underlying Framework- Kolcabas Theory of Comfort
The middle-range theory within Watson’s conceptual model is Kolcaba’s Theory of Comfort. The Theory of Comfort, developed by Katharine Kolcaba, was based on her personal experiences during practice, a review of literature on comfort across various disciplines, and on the basis of Watson’s theory of human caring. Kolcaba focused on comfort in nursing, medicine, psychiatry, ergonomics, and psychology to best understand comfort.
The Theory of Comfort addresses patient comfort from three perspectives: physical comfort, psychological comfort, and social comfort (Kh. et al., 2021). According to Kolcaba, physical comfort entails easing the patient’s pain and other physical symptoms. On psychological comfort, Kolcaba notes that it is achieved when nurses help relieve the patient’s mental and emotional symptoms that may be disturbing their comfort or causing anxiety, while social comfort, as per the theory, is being there for the patient by creating positive interactions and relations and supporting them to have a sense of belonging (Kh. et al., 2021).
The patient’s comfort needs are achieved by manipulating the patient’s physical environment, distracting them mentally from their discomfort, and using approaches that enable patients to relax, such as exercises or meditation. However, nurses must first cultivate personal relationships with their patients. Kolcaba’s Theory of Comfort has been tested and applied to assess patients’ comfort needs and develop appropriate nursing strategies to address such needs. For example, Sharma & Kalia (2021) found that the Theory of Comfort improved the comfort outcomes of patients who received integrative comfort care interventions using the comfort theory.
Based on my understanding from this week’s readings, Watson’s work is considered a grand theory as it provides a broader and general scope of the view of nursing from which nursing can best be understood.
References
Kh., Y., Z., E., & Z., E. (2021). A Review of Kolcaba Comfort Theory of Nursing (Vol. 23, Issue 189002082, pp. 170–179). YAFTEH. https://sid.ir/paper/1018554/en
Sharma, M. C., & Kalia, R. (2021). Testing Katharine Kolcaba’s Theory of Comfort. Journal of Pediatric Surgical Nursing, 10(4), 168–175. https://doi.org/10.1097/
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Question 
Week 3: Discussion Question 1 – Underlying Framework
Discussion Prompt
Watson’s Caring Theory, a grand theory and conceptual model in nursing, is the underlying framework for the United States University College of Nursing’s programs. Identify a middle-range theory within her conceptual model. Clearly identify how she defines the concepts and propositions between them. Report them to the class using the form “psychosocial development (Concept A) progresses through (Proposition) stages (Concept B)”. Psychosocial development and stages are examples and are NOT required for the assignment. Using the readings for the week, discuss why her work is considered a grand theory.
Underlying Framework- Kolcabas Theory of Comfort
Length: A minimum of 250 words, not including references
Citations: At least one high-level scholarly reference in APA format from within the last 5 years
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