lliteracy, Multicultural Communication and Its Origins

Explain multicultural communication and its origins.

Multicultural communication is an interaction between people of different cultures. This creates a platform for understanding between these cultures. Multicultural communication traces back to the immigration of people with different cultures (Dusi et al., 2014). This classification of communication was also inspired by people’s need to trade with each other.

Compare and contrast culture, ethnicity, and acculturation.

These three are closely related to each other. Culture is the norms, beliefs, social behaviors, values, and ideas that a group of people is attributed to. Ethnicity, on the other hand, defines a group of people who identify with a particular ethnic group. Acculturation is the process of adopting and getting assimilated into the cultural beliefs, norms, behaviors, and values of a particular culture.

Explain how cultural and religious differences affect the health care professional and the issues that can arise in cross-cultural communications

Culture and beliefs have an impact on healthcare professionals. It gives one an individual strength during service provision and a moral purpose. This, in turn, ensures the welfare of the patient and the health care provider is enhanced. However, some issues that can arise with cross-communication include conflicting values, stereotyping, ethnocentrism, and psychological barriers.

Discuss family culture and its effect on patient education

Family culture includes the beliefs, norms, and values that the family members are assimilated into. They improve the willingness of a patient to learn and accept healthcare education.

List some approaches the health care professional can use to address religious and cultural diversity

Training employees on cultural diversity
Encouraging the healthcare team on the importance of respecting diversity
Including major cultural and religious holidays in the calendars for health workers.

List the types of illiteracy

Cultural illiteracy
Financial illiteracy
Digital illiteracy
Racial illiteracy
Factual illiteracy

Discuss illiteracy as a disability

Illiteracy is a lack of knowledge about a certain concept or understanding. One may lack knowledge of financial skills, cultural practices, race diversity, and facts. Without conceptualization, one is restricted from participation, financial, cultural, racial, or social participation. This, in turn, acts as a limitation to attaining a goal and, thus, a disability.

Give examples of some myths about illiteracy

The number of people who are good at reading has been dropping. Adults who attended programs on literacy did not care about their education and were lazy. The fact is that they attended schools with low-quality education because of inadequate finances. For some, they lived with cognitive impairments that were never diagnosed. The third myth is Americans have other more pressing issues at hand to worry about, such as unemployment, healthcare, and the economy. The fact is that those with digital illiteracy skills are more likely to be unemployed. Those with financial illiteracy are unable to participate in growing the country’s economy. Those who do not know about healthcare prevention are most likely to get sick, thus poor health outcomes.

Explain how to assess literacy skills and evaluate written material for readability

Health literacy is important since it gives an insight into one’s understanding of the basics of health. This includes patient’s understanding of health information and the services being provided to improve their health outcomes. To assess literacy skills, a tool called Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine-Short Form (REALM-SF) is used among other tools (Kirk et al., 2012). It is a recognition test with seven items that involve oral reading. The other tool is the Short Assessment of Health Literacy which is written in English (Altin et al., 2014). These two tools are used to carry out a quick patient literacy assessment. To evaluate written materials for readability, different tools are used for comparison purposes and to ensure more valid results are obtained. Some of these tools include the Flesch Reading Ease Scale, Fry Readability Graph, Flesch-Kincaid Grade, and McLaughlin’s SMOG Grading.

Identify ways a healthcare professional may establish effective communication

In every hospital setup, communication is considered a critical aspect. Every healthcare provider is tasked with the duty to carry out a holistic assessment and treatment through effective communication. Effective communication helps to create trust and transparency. It gives an insight into the patient’s desires and needs to improve health outcomes (Ratna, 2019). There are ways and approaches that a healthcare professional may employ to establish effective communication. The first approach is paying attention to non-verbal signs. It allows a nurse to tap into the genuine feelings of the patient. The second approach is being an engaged listener as the patient narrates his or her story. The third way is by controlling one’s emotions despite insults from patients. This gives one room to understand the patient from a psychological perspective. The other approach is encouraging employees to employ mobile collaboration during health service provision. This minimizes avoidable mistakes and harm that can be caused to patients.

Suggest ways the health care professional can help a patient remember instructions

Most patients tend to forget the instructions given to them. When these instructions are ignored, they can have negative effects on a patient’s health (McCarthy et al., 2012). Some instructions are those on medication, therapy, and follow-up visits. During the process of giving instructions, healthcare providers should encourage patients to take notes, share contact details for them to reach out, and ask them to set reminders on their mobile phones. Healthcare providers should also follow up via text messages even after doing it orally. Video demonstrations should be encouraged in therapy cases.

References

Altin, S. V., Finke, I., Kautz-Freimuth, S., & Stock, S. (2014). The evolution of health literacy assessment tools: a systematic review. BMC Public Health, 14(1), 1-13.

Dusi, P., Messetti, G., & Steinbach, M. (2014). Skills, attitudes, relational abilities & reflexivity: Competences for a multicultural society. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 112, 538-547.

Kirk, J. K., Grzywacz, J. G., Arcury, T. A., Ip, E. H., Nguyen, H. T., Bell, R. A., … & Quandt, S. A. (2012). Performance of health literacy tests among older adults with diabetes. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 27(5), 534-540.

McCarthy, D. M., Waite, K. R., Curtis, L. M., Engel, K. G., Baker, D. W., & Wolf, M. S. (2012). What did the doctor say? Health literacy and recall of medical instructions. Medical care, 50(4), 277.

Ratna, H. (2019). The importance of effective communication in healthcare practice. Harvard Public Health Review, 23, 1-6.

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