The Global Refugee Crisis

The Global Refugee Crisis

The global refugee crisis is getting out of hand. Today, about 100 million people have been forcibly displaced from their homes (Martin, 2016). Out of these, about 30 million of them have ended up as refugees (Martin, 2016). The global refugee problem is caused by many reasons, with violent attacks and invasions among the top causes. Also, people from developing countries flee from time to time in pursuit of better economic opportunities. The refugees encounter many challenges along the way, including unsafe environments, insufficient food and basic amenities, and unwelcoming governments as they flee. For instance, the Syrian war has brought forth one of the worst refugee crises, with people running to different parts of the world. There are three potential solutions to the worsening refugee crises; voluntary repatriation to their home countries, settlement overseas, and integration into the refugees’ current country of residence. Of the three solutions, voluntary repatriation to the home country is no longer useful.

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Causes of the Global Refugee Crisis

Persecution

Persecution is one of the leading causes of the global refugee crisis. Persecution is caused by many motivations, including political, social, and racial. It is perhaps one of the most common reasons that make people refugees globally. For instance, a staggering 900,000 people have fled Myanmar since 2017 due to the cleansing of Dalai Lama Muslims (Faleh & Ahmad, 2018). Persecution based on religious affiliation is also common in China. The country has either jailed or detained millions of Muslims, accusing them of harbouring violent and extremist beliefs.

War

War is equally a strong trigger of the global refugee crisis. Accordingly, people leave their countries of birth due to the direct or indirect impacts of war. The first major global refugee crisis was an outcome of the Second World War, with 50 million people globally ending up as refugees. Similarly, the Syrian war that started in 2011 is a major cause of the ongoing refugee crisis (Faleh & Ahmad, 2018). Refugees from the country fled to Lebanon, Turkey, and North Africa, among other countries that also have their fair share of troubles. The ongoing Russia-Ukraine war will also worsen the situation as millions of people have been displaced and continue to be displaced. Other war-torn countries contributing to the global refugee crisis include Afghanistan and Sudan.

Climate Change

Climate change has also contributed to the worsening refugee situation. Climate change leads to drought, Tsunamis, and other climate-related aftermaths, which make people flee their homes (Bazirake, 2017). For instance, the drought in the Horn of Africa is cited as one of the worst in the world. Over 2.2 million people in Somalia have fled due to hunger. These people migrate to neighboring countries facing socioeconomic challenges, causing an unending cycle of refugee crises.

Human Rights Violation

Human rights violation is also part of the causative factors of the refugee crisis. These violations are mostly executed by the rich and powerful, especially those holding positions of authority. For instance, corruption and misappropriation of public resources are common in African countries. People from countries with mega-corrupt scandals feel that politicians have deprived them of jobs and better social amenities. These people end up migrating to other countries in search of better lives.

Solutions to the Global Refugee Crisis

Collaboration

According to Ireland (2021), one of the proposed solutions to the current refugee crisis is the need to collaborate in tackling the problem. It has been noted that countries seldom share the responsibility of resettling refugees and dealing with the situation overall. Even some of the world’s largest economies have treated the refugee crisis with abandon. Japan is a good example of countries that can help but seemingly ignore the problem. The country has only taken in over 1000 refugees over the past ten years. The negligence displayed by some of these countries contradicts the agreements in the refugee convention, which calls for shared responsibility in solving the refugee crisis. If more countries join the efforts to solve the problem, there will be better outcomes.

Increased Global Support

Wealthy nations can also fund struggling countries in bridging the needs gap. There is a huge gap between refugee needs and what funds appeals can raise (Ireland, 2021). The situation has been worsened by countries that withdrew their support in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. For instance, the UK withdrew some support from refugee programs to save money (Ireland, 2021). However, looking at the fiscal recovery measures that these countries have implemented in the COVID-19 era, one is convinced that they have enough money to fund refugee programs. Contributing even a fraction of what these nations have achieved to finance refugee programs will come in handy.

Protection of Asylum Seekers

Since most refugees migrate to wealthy countries, they are responsible for protecting them. Asylum seekers’ protection addresses the non-refoulment policy. The policy bars countries from sending refugees back to where they are running away from (Ireland, 2021). However, some countries seemingly interpreted the policy the wrong way. For instance, Denmark has embarked on sending refugees back to Damascus, claiming that the city is now safe, which needs to stop. Asylum-seekers must not be returned to countries they are likely to face persecution and threats to life.

Help in Tackling the Root Causes

Powerful nations can also play a role in solving some of these conflicts that contribute to the global refugee crisis. More often than not, powerful countries exhibit indifference to conflicts facing countries in far-off lands. Consequently, this leaves some internally displaced refugees at the mercy of the very people instigating violence against them. However, wealthy countries possess strong diplomatic tools they could use to solve some of these conflicts (Ireland, 2021). Wealthy nations should actively participate in tackling the worsening refugee situation.

Providing Hospitable Systems to Alleviate Refugee Suffering

Providing a hospitable and welcoming environment is crucial, especially for active refugee situations. Creating hospitable solutions refers to putting in place infrastructure and amenities that can be used to make the refugees’ lives livable. For instance, Poland has been credited for creating a friendly environment for refugees fleeing the Russia-Ukraine war conflict since 2014 (Kazłowska, & Brzozowska, 2017). The country has implemented systems to ensure refugees have an enjoyable stay right from the entry point.

Refugees Statistical Data Interpretation

Who Counts as a Refugee?

Allen et al. (2018) aver that it is almost impossible to analyze refugee issues without a reference to statistics and data. One of the problems encountered when dealing with the refugee situation is the lack of accurate statistics on refugee numbers. For instance, in the 1980s, there was a refugee crisis in the horn of Africa involving Somalia and Ethiopia. The two nations disagreed over which country took the most refugees since they were moving in both ways.

Another impactful refugee issue analyzed by Crisp is the change of the approach to addressing refugee needs. Relevant bodies like the UNHCR have shifted from refugee-centric models to society-centric methods (Allen et al., 2018). Such organizations look at how conflict or refugee issues affect the entire society rather than the displaced people alone. Consequently, the paradigm shift manifests in how many people the organization takes care of. For instance, in the Serbia-Bosnia conflict, UNHCR treated about 22.4 million people as refugees. The approach suggested that 30% of the Bosnian population before the conflict were Serbs, which is not true.

Forced versus Voluntary Migration

On the other hand, Stefanovic, Loizides & Parsons (2015) delve into investigating voluntary and forced migration. The commission suggests a difference between someone forced to flee their home country and those who leave voluntarily. There is a particular focus on Eastern and Central Europe, specifically looking at how these countries have contributed to the global refugee crisis. The ethnically motivated conflicts in these countries mean that there are both refugees and internally displaced people. Therefore, that calls for relevant bodies to count both groups to get the correct figures. However, applying statistics sometimes fails to see the difference between the two groups. Accordingly, this is because the distinction may sometimes be blurred. There is a need to know the difference between the two cohorts to interpret refugee statistics correctly.

Response to the Syrian Refugee Crisis- Statistics

Fargues & Fandrich (2012) evaluate the EU’s response to the Syrian conflict based on refugee numbers. By 2012, about 450,000 Syrian refugees had left the country. However, out of these, only 1200 refugees had applied for refugee status in EU countries. These statistics are a reflection of the unwelcoming refugee policies that have been implemented across European countries. Unfriendly refugee policies have kept applicants negligible.

Ethical Issues Resulting from Refugee Resettlement

A negative ethical outcome resulting from refugee resettlement touches on the safety of the host community. There are theoretical arguments to suggest that refugees spark fear, real or imagined. For instance, a common argument goes that refugees are likely to perpetrate violence due to prior exposure (Fajth et al., 2019). Also, sentiments of economic deprivation in the host community arise when refugees move to a different country (Lischer, 2017). On the positive side, refugees bring economic benefits to the community. For instance, some refugees take up jobs that pay relatively low remuneration compared to the usual standards. For instance, in the US, the meat industry is dominated by immigrants from Latin America. To that end, refugees could also be an asset.

Conclusion

The global refugee crisis has deteriorated over the past few decades. The main causes of the refugee crisis include persecution, violent conflict, and economic hardship, among other causative factors. As the situation worsens, there is a need for action to address the plight of the helpless refugees. Some of the solutions suggested to solve the crisis include; collaboration, financing, refugee integration, and creating hospitable systems to receive the refugees. The resettlement of refugees in the host country results in positive and negative outcomes. On the positive side, refugees cover labour requirement gaps in labour-intensive industries. However, on the negative, refugees cause safety concerns. There is a belief that they may cause violence since they have experienced it before.

References

Allen, W., Anderson, B., Van Hear, N., Sumption, M., Düvell, F., Hough, J., & Walker, S. (2018). Who counts in crises? The new geopolitics of international migration and refugee governance. Geopolitics, 23(1), 217-243.

Bazirake, J. B. (2017). The Contemporary Global Refugee Crisis. Peace Review, 29(1), 61–67. https://doi.org/10.1080/10402659.2017.1272307

Fajth, V., Bilgili, Ö., Loschmann, C., & Siegel, M. (2019). How do refugees affect social life in host communities? The case of Congolese refugees in Rwanda. Comparative Migration Studies, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40878-019-0139-1

Faleh, H. M. H., & Ahmad, A. Q. A. S. (2018). The impact of the Syrian refugee crisis on neighbouring countries. Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Политология, 20(4), 548-554.

Fargues, P., & Fandrich, C. (2012). The European response to the Syrian refugee crisis: what next? Cadmus.eui.eu. https://cadmus.eui.eu/handle/1814/24836

Grzymała-Kazłowska, A., & Brzozowska, A. (2017). From drifting to anchoring. Capturing the experience of Ukrainian migrants in Poland. Central and Eastern European Migration Review, 6(2).

Ireland, P. (2021). Three steps towards ending the refugee crisis. NRC. https://www.nrc.no/perspectives/2021/three-steps-towards-ending-the-refugee-crisis/

Lischer, S. K. (2017). The Global Refugee Crisis: Regional Destabilization & Humanitarian Protection. Daedalus, 146(4), 85–97. https://doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_00461

Martin, S. F. (2016). The global refugee crisis. Georgetown Journal of International Affairs, 5-11.

Stefanovic, D., Loizides, N., & Parsons, S. (2015). Home is where the heart is? Forced migration and voluntary return in Turkey’s Kurdish regions. Journal of Refugee Studies, 28(2), 276-296.

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an argumentative essay, will present research relating the critical thinker to the modern, globalized world. In this assignment, you need to address the items below in separate sections with new headings for each.

In your paper,

Identify the global societal problem within the introductory paragraph.
Conclude with a thesis statement that states your proposed solutions to the problem. (For guidance on how to construct a good introduction paragraph, please review the Introductions & Conclusions (Links to an external site.) from the University of Arizona Global Campus Writing Center (Links to an external site.).)
Describe background information on how that problem developed or came into existence.
Show why this is a societal problem.
Provide perspectives from multiple disciplines or populations so that you fully represent what different parts of society have to say about this issue.
Construct an argument supporting your proposed solutions, considering multiple disciplines or populations so that your solution shows that multiple parts of society will benefit from this solution.
Provide evidence from multiple scholarly sources as evidence that your proposed solution is viable.
Interpret statistical data from at least three peer-reviewed scholarly sources within your argument.
Discuss the validity, reliability, and any biases.
Identify the strengths and weaknesses of these sources, pointing out limitations of current research and attempting to indicate areas for future research. (You may even use visual representations such as graphs or charts to explain statistics from sources.)
Evaluate the ethical outcomes that result from your solution.
Provide at least one positive ethical outcome as well as at least one negative ethical outcome that could result from your solution.
Explain at least two ethical issues related to each of those outcomes. (It is important to consider all of society.)
Develop a conclusion for the last paragraphs of the essay, starting with rephrasing your thesis statement and then presenting the major points of the topic and how they support your argument. (For guidance on how to write a good conclusion paragraph, please review the Introductions & Conclusions (Links to an external site.) from the University of Arizona Global Campus Writing Center (Links to an external site.).)