Research Method And Design Using AES

Research Method and Design Using AES

Part 1: Dissertation Analysis

Analysis Findings Table

Analysis Criteria	Selected Dissertation 1	Selected Dissertation 2
What is the dissertation’s title and author?	Optimizing Self-Care Management Education for Veterans with Heart Failure by Charisse Y. Green (Green, 2024)	E-Learning and Knowledge Transfer of Continuing Medical Education into Medical Practice: A Descriptive Case Study by Elizabeth A. Putnam (Putnam, 2024)
In the research study, what are the strategies (i.e., methodology) used to execute the research, such as research method and research design?	The research project uses a quasi-experimental method and a quantitative design, which allows for a pre-test and post-test design. The author utilized the Heart Failure Self-Care Quality Improvement Questionnaire as the data collection tool.	The research utilizes a qualitative study framework and a qualitative descriptive case study design.
How are the research method and research design stated in the title? How are the method and design stated in the abstract?	The research method and research design are not stated in the title. However, the research method and research design have been well stated in the abstract.	The title clearly states that the research utilizes a descriptive case study design. Although descriptive studies are not primarily related to qualitative research as they may be linked to quantitative values (Doyle et al., 2019), case studies have a wider applicability in research within several disciplines of social science (Priya, 2020). Therefore, it can be deduced that the ‘descriptive case study’ part of the title refers to a qualitative method of research. The research method and research design are also clearly stated in the abstract, including the participants, sample population size, and sources of data and data collection.
Using information from the CDS Dissertation Guide, does the research method align with the purpose of the study? Why or why not?	Since the CDS Dissertation Guide requires that an experimental method manipulate the variables and randomize samples, it is impossible to manipulate the main variable, randomize the sample, or replicate variables from a previous study in the study presentation in this project. The quasi-experimental designs, as presented in the available literature, support research in education across diverse fields (Gopalan et al., 2020). Secondly, the research method and design align with the study as they focus on a specific population, which may make it hard to achieve randomization. The quasi-experimental designs can be applied in quantitative studies where non-randomization is necessary (Maciejewski, 2020). Therefore, a quasi-experimental method is the best-fit research method for this objective.	The qualitative research method aligns with the purpose of the study as the researcher explores “how physicians shared plant-based nutrition information from an e-learning course with patients and how e-learning can help bridge knowledge gaps and support CME requirements.” Therefore, the use of a qualitative method will help the author to deeply understand the phenomenon of focus and draw transferable conclusions.
What is the research design for the research study?	The research study employs a quantitative research design.	The research design for the study is a descriptive case study.
Using information from the CDS Dissertation Guide, does the research design align with the research method of the study? Why or why not?	Based on the CDS Dissertation Guide, the research method aligns well with the purpose of the study. The project aims to test if nurse-led educational congestive heart failure (CHF) discharge instructions increase the intent of veteran patients to adhere to self-care management. This means collecting and testing various types of data, including statistical data. Therefore, a quantitative design can help achieve the purpose of the study.	The CDS Dissertation Guide requires that case studies use “multiple sources of data to triangulate knowledge about the case.” Therefore, the descriptive case-study approach aligns with the purpose of the study as it allows the use of data from multiple sources to best describe and understand the case.
Does the methodology (i.e., strategies used to execute the research) align with the research method and research design? Why or why not?	The research uses various methodologies to execute the research, including a large sample size consisting of both nurses (450 nurses) and CHF patients (2,921 veterans with CHF receiving care), a specific tool for data collection, data extraction, data analysis, and other related tests.	Some strategies the author uses include semi-structured interviews, e-learning program information, and resources shared with patients by physicians that align with the method and design of the research and allow for the collection of data from multiple sources.
Do the authors present a clear understanding of the differences between method and design? Explain your response.	The author, based on the presentation of the methodology, chapter has a clear understanding of the difference between method and design as they clearly discussed in separate subtopics.	The author clearly understands the differences between method and design as they have discussed each separately and extensively reviewed the literature on both methods and design.

Part 2: Critical Evaluation Findings Table

Evaluation Criteria	Selected Dissertation 1	Selected Dissertation 2
What is the dissertation’s title and author?	Optimizing Self-Care Management Education for Veterans with Heart Failure by Charisse Y. Green (Green, 2024)	E-Learning and Knowledge Transfer of Continuing Medical Education into Medical Practice: A Descriptive Case Study by Elizabeth A. Putnam (Putnam, 2024)
What citations/references do the authors use to build their arguments for the research method section?	The author uses both peer-reviewed articles and books for reference and builds their arguments and the development of the methodology chapter.	The author has used both peer-reviewed articles and books for reference and to build their arguments for the research method sector.
Who are the theorists cited and referenced in the arguments?	The author developed the research project based on the Health Belief Model (HBM).	The author cites the E-Learning System Theory by Aparicio et al. (2016) and the Knowledge Transfer Theory.
How do the authors compare/contrast different research methods? You can copy/paste excerpts from the text. Provide at least 2 examples and explain the evaluation.	The author has not compared and contrasted different research methods.	The author clearly compares and contrasts different research methods, including quantitative, mixed methods, and qualitative methods. The author did this by reviewing literature on these research methods and presenting a comprehensive discussion based on methodology literature. For instance, “Mixed methods combine aspects of quantitative and qualitative study to draw on the strengths of each. Quantitative research aims to collect and analyze numerical data to identify patterns, make predictions, and test causal relationships to generalize the results to wider populations (Paquot & Plonsky, 2017). Qualitative research is descriptive using narration to discuss a topic or interview participants to explore personal experiences and perspectives (Chalmers & Cowdell, 2021). Mixed methodology allows researchers to combine deductive and inductive analysis to facilitate a deeper understanding of hard number data alone (Timans et al., 2019).”
Are the research method and design in alignment with the study? If so, how are they aligned? If not, how are they misaligned?	The quasi-experimental method and quantitative design that the author selected align with the study. For instance, the quasi-experimental design supports a pre-test and post-test design. Noting that the study project aims to optimize self-care management education among veterans with CHF undergoing treatment, the quasi-experimental designs support the non-randomized approach and lack of manipulation of variables.	The research method employed by the author is in alignment with the study. For instance, since the author examines the “how” of knowledge transfer from MDs after an eCME to patients through following up on specific case scenarios, the qualitative and descriptive case study method and design can help answer the “how” research questions.
How are the research method and design appropriate for the purposes of the study?	The quasi-experimental and quantitative research method and design are appropriate for the purposes of the study as they can help measure the correlation between the clearly defined variables and help draw conclusions on whether self-care management education can improve self-care and self-management among veterans with CHF.	Since the author aims to understand how knowledge transfer of CME can improve medical practice, the use of a case scenario and qualitative design can help subjectively understand the concepts within eCME, medical practice, and patient care. The author argues that using interviews as per the qualitative design helps develop “in-depth and thick descriptions of each physician’s experience with the e-certification course” and in knowledge transfer.

Part 3: Synthesis of Ideas Table

Synthesis Criteria	Selected Dissertation 1	Selected Dissertation 2
What is the dissertation’s title and author?	Optimizing Self-Care Management Education for Veterans with Heart Failure by Charisse Y. Green (Green, 2024)	E-Learning and Knowledge Transfer of Continuing Medical Education into Medical Practice: A Descriptive Case Study by Elizabeth A. Putnam (Putnam, 2024)
How did the authors present the conclusions for their arguments for the chosen method? Provide 2 or more examples.	This is an ongoing project, and the author has not yet concluded it.	The author first discusses the identified themes: Theme 1: Experiences with e-learning courses among physicians and recommendations to enhance the learning process; Theme 2: Impact and implications of physicians’ knowledge of a plant-based nutrition e-learning course in daily practice; and Theme 3: Recommendations for future CME e-learning opportunities in plant-based nutrition and draws conclusions based on these themes. The author has also linked these findings to current literature.
How did the authors present the conclusions for their arguments for the chosen design? Provide 2 or more examples.	Although the project has not yet been concluded, the author presents a discussion on the various parts of the paper focused on statistics on congestive heart failure, the sample size, population groups within the sample population, data collection, and the various tests and measures which align with the quasi-experimental and quantitative research method and design.	In reference to the qualitative research design, the author has presented their conclusions in terms of themes and supported such themes with existing literature.
Are the conclusion/summary sections clear and logical? If yes, how do the authors tie everything together? If no, what suggestions would you make to guide the authors?	The summary of the entire paper is clear, and the author ties everything together in a short summary of the aims of the project, as well as recommendations for a similar project.	The conclusion and summary sections are clear and logical. The author discusses every theme identified from the analysis of qualitative data and references existing research to justify the conclusions.

Part 4: Method and Design Defense

The doctoral dissertation focuses on research on “Impact of remote work on retention effectiveness of specific retention.” The proposed method and design I have chosen for the dissertation are a quasi-experimental method with a pre-test and post-test design and a quantitative research design.

The quasi-experimental method proposed for the research has been selected as it goes beyond the controlled experimentation in research and makes observations to support the investigation of how things are related and the cause-and-effect relationships within a real-world setting (Maciejewski, 2020). Noting that the research aims to examine the impact of remote work on the retention effectiveness of specific retention, the focus will be on determining the cause-and-effect relationship between the nature of working and work on intention to leave, and how remote work can improve retention. At the same time, this method supports pre-test and post-test phases in research (Muse & Baldwin, 2021). The pre-test phase can help in the collection of baseline data on the current retention program and the remote work program with regards to how it helps with retention, while the post-test allows for a report of the tests to determine the workers’ willingness to stay based on their experiences with remote work as a specific retention program.

The quantitative research design can help to exhaustively explore the problem of focus by providing the capacity to conduct the research on a large scale, including a large number of participants. It also supports the comparison of various retention programs using objective and statistical data. This can help create in-depth insight into large populations and support effective vulnerability.

Summary

The review and evaluation of the methods section of the two dissertations has been a great learning experience. I have gained wider and deeper insights into how to develop the methods chapter of my dissertation. I have also learned how to choose the best research method and research design for various types of research projects and align such methods and designs with the objectives of the study.

How Working with Gemini Influences My Critical Thinking

I have noted that using the LLM has a significant influence on a researcher’s critical thinking. Such influence is both positive and negative. For instance, based on the prompts used, I noticed that Gemini gave diverse responses with information and data from numerous resources. Such information can expose the research to varied views on a subject in which such diverse perspectives are necessary to challenge any existing assumptions. Therefore, the LLM can help further the understanding of the topic of research as well as the development of arguments on the research topic. Other prompts, such as those requesting reference material, improved the speed of accessing and assessing literature. This has a significant impact on the efficiency of research by making such material easily accessible. It helped me to focus on analyzing the reference materials by eliminating the need to search across numerous databases.

However, I noticed that the use of Gemini for research, if not controlled, can result in dependency. Dependency on AI in academics is not good, as it reduces the efforts needed to critically analyze the quality of literature. It also eliminates major parts of the literature and presents summaries of research papers. This can reduce the level of understanding ,as most materials are presented as summaries of the paper.

References

Doyle, L., McCabe, C., Keogh, B., Brady, A., & McCann, M. (2019). An overview of the qualitative descriptive design within nursing research. Journal of Research in Nursing, 25(5), 443–455. https://doi.org/10.1177/1744987119880234

Gopalan, M., Rosinger, K., & Ahn, J. Bin. (2020). Use of quasi-experimental research designs in education research: Growth, promise, and challenges. Review of Research in Education, 44(1), 218–243. https://doi.org/10.3102/0091732X20903302/ASSET/IMAGES/LARGE/10.3102_0091732X20903302-FIG1.JPEG

Green, C. Y. (2024). Optimizing self-care management education for veterans with heart failure [Thesis]. University of Phoenix.

Maciejewski, M. L. (2020). Quasi-experimental design. Biostatistics & Epidemiology, 4(1), 38–47. https://doi.org/10.1080/24709360.2018.1477468

Muse, A., & Baldwin, J. M. (2021). Quasi-experimental research design. The Encyclopedia of Research Methods in Criminology and Criminal Justice: Volume II: Parts 5-8, 307–310. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119111931.CH61

Priya, A. (2020). Case study methodology of qualitative research: Key attributes and navigating the conundrums in its application. Sociological Bulletin, 70(1), 94–110. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038022920970318

Putnam, E. A. (2024). E-learning and knowledge transfer of continuing medical education into medical practice: A descriptive case study [Dissertation ]. University of Phoenix.

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Question

Method and Design AES Worksheet

The components of critical thinking include analysis, evaluation, and synthesis (AES). You will analyze, evaluate, and synthesize literature (draw conclusions between and among historical and current literature) as you write your dissertation. For example, in Ch 2 of your dissertation writing process, the Literature Review, you will compare and contrast past and current literature on your chosen topic. In Ch 3 of your dissertation writing process, you will discuss and defend the chosen research method and design, and in other areas throughout the dissertation.

Research Method and Design Using AES

This 4-part assignment breaks down AES to provide you the opportunity to see how literature analysis and evaluation lead to synthesis/conclusions. The focus of this assignment is on the methodology sections in Ch. 3 of 2 dissertations. The components of this 4-part assignment are:

Part 1: Dissertation Analysis: Analyze Ch. 3 of 2 completed dissertations.
Part 2: Critical Evaluation: Evaluate Ch. 3 of 2 completed dissertations.
Part 3: Synthesis of Ideas: Identify the synthesis of ideas in Ch. 3 of 2 completed dissertations.
Part 4: Method and Design Defense: Demonstrate AES through defending your own method and design choice.

Complete Parts 1, 2, 3, and 4 using the provided instructions.

Part 1: Dissertation Analysis

Access the Research Databases page on the University Library website to access the ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database.

Locate 1 University of Phoenix dissertation and 1 dissertation from another university. Ensure both were published within the last 2 years and utilized the same methodology (method and design) you are proposing for your research.

Note: Even though you are referencing 2 dissertations for this assignment, dissertations are not considered peer-reviewed and are not acceptable to use to substantiate discussions for your dissertation.

Analyze Ch. 3 of your 2 selected dissertations.

Report your analysis findings in the Analysis Findings Table using key terms and phrases from the selected dissertations. Answer the questions provided in the “Analysis Criteria” column for the 2 dissertations you selected by providing your responses in the “Selected Dissertation 1” and “Selected Dissertation 2” columns.

Cite sources to support your analysis.
Format citations and references according to APA guidelines.
Provide the references in the “Reference” section at the end of this document in the example paper.

Part 2: Critical Evaluation

You will be building academic arguments throughout the dissertation process. Doing so will require you to justify your research method and design choices using general theorists in research methods and primary theorists in research design. Academic arguments are supported with evidence-based research.

Refer to your course textbook, Critical Reading and Writing for Postgraduates (4th ed.), for information on evaluating literature.

Evaluate Ch. 3 of your 2 selected dissertations.

Report your findings in the Critical Evaluation Findings Table. Answer the questions provided in the “Evaluation Criteria” column for the 2 dissertations your selected by providing your responses in the “Selected Dissertation 1” and “Selected Dissertation 2” columns.

Cite sources to support your analysis.

Format citations and references according to APA guidelines.

Provide the references in the “Reference” section at the end of this document in the example paper.

Part 3: Synthesis of Ideas

Now that you have analyzed the methodology sections of both dissertations and provided evidence of evaluation, readers need to be given information on why the evaluation is important.

For this part of the assignment, you will identify the synthesis of the method and design arguments evaluated above from the same dissertations.

Note: Even though you are referencing 2 dissertations for this assignment, dissertations are not considered peer-reviewed and are not acceptable to use for your dissertation.

Refer to your course textbook, Critical Reading and Writing for Postgraduates (4th ed.), for information on synthesizing literature.

Identify the synthesis of ideas in Ch. 3 of your 2 selected dissertations

Report your findings in the Synthesis of Ideas Table. Answer the questions provided in the “Synthesis Criteria” column for the 2 dissertations your selected by providing your responses in the “Selected Dissertation 1” and “Selected Dissertation 2” columns.

Cite sources to support your analysis.

Format citations and references according to APA guidelines.

Provide the references in the “Reference” section at the end of this document in the example paper.

Part 4: Method and Design Defense

Now it’s time to practice AES.

Using the Student Paper Template included in the following pages of this document, write:

1 paragraph defending your proposed method you chose for your dissertation
1 paragraph defending your proposed design you chose for your dissertation
1 summary paragraph

Cite at least 1 method and 1 design expert recommended in the CDS Dissertation Guide to provide a definition and explanation of the method and design characteristics.

Format your paper according to APA guidelines.

Research Method and Design Using AES