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NUR 3643, Nursing, Rasmussen University

NUR 3643-Deliverable 3-Critical Appraisal of the Literature

NUR 3643-Deliverable 3-Critical Appraisal of the Literature

What is the identified research problem? Does the author include the significance and background of the problem?
The identified research problem is to determine the influence or effect of care practices and health demographics on the frequency of skin tears and pressure injuries in elderly care. The author points out risk factors contributing to increased skin tears, such as residents’ cognitive function and vascular dementia (Brimelow & Wollin, 2018).

The author highlights care practices and resident factors crucial to preventing skin tears and pressure injuries, such as antiembolic stockings, heel protectors, and daily moisturizers (Brimelow & Wollin, 2018). The author also illustrates risk factors associated with these injuries, such as pain, discomfort, infection, possible surgical intervention, and increased mortality risk.

The article’s background is present; it explains that skin tears and pressure

injuries are two of the most common wounds in elderly care (Brimelow & Wollin, 2018). The background data illustrates the differences between skin tears and pressure injuries.

Did the author clearly articulate the research purpose? What was the purpose of the research?
The author clearly articulated the research purpose to verify if differences in care practices and patient health demographics between long-term elderly care facilities contribute to the frequency of patients’ skin injuries.

Identify the study methodology.
 The methodology used for this study was qualitative, as the data collected was systematic; it included a retrospective analysis of care plans and clinical outcomes. The research was conducted over six months at two aged care facilities. Wounds were recorded and categorized by type and severity. Only damages obtained in the facility were counted. Usual care practices and associated health demographics were recorded to help determine best practices. A univariate, general linear model was used to determine whether there is a significant difference between the rates of skin wounds between the two facilities.

Did the article include a relevant review of the literature? Explain.
Yes, the report included relevant literature regarding various factors associated with skin injury. The report points out that research indicates one in two residents are affected by xerosis due to increasing age, lower body mass index, cognitive impairment, and skincare dependence. Urinary and fecal incontinence are associated with an increased risk of skin

injuries, inadequate nutrition, impaired mobility, falls, and topical skin care.

Describe the theoretical framework for the research study.
The theoretical framework for this research study strongly denotes Florence Nightingales’ environmental theory. Florence Nightingales’ environmental theory focus is that the body can repair itself with a nurturing environment. The study’s conclusion encourages holistic modalities to put the patient in the best position to self-heal.

The study conducted was a retrospective analysis, determining if facilities’ care plans and or patients’ health demographics affect clinical outcomes regarding the frequency of skin injuries. The author described contributing factors in detail and examined statistical evidence from previous studies regarding the prevalence of skin injuries.

After analyzing data from the two facilities, in addition to health demographics, the authors concluded that a holistic approach is needed for successful skin management.

What are the research objectives, questions, hypotheses, and procedures identified in the article?
Objectives: The study objective was to discover if differences in care practices and health demographics between elderly facilities contributed to the frequency of skin injury incidences. Questions: The research question is to determine if different care practices or health demographics increase skin injury prevalence.

Hypotheses: No hypotheses were formed before the analysis, although multiple contributing factors and variables were considered when gathering data.

Procedures: The independent samples were compared to continuous variables between the two homes.

Describe the results of the study along with identified strengths and limitations.
 The study’s results exhibited that skin hygiene and care practices are not the singular influence over skin wounds. A holistic methodology is necessary to prevent and manage skin injuries and breakdown (Brimelow & Wollin, 2018).

➢ Strengths

1. Only patients who resided in the facility for the entirety of the six-month data-gathering phase were involved in the study to increase accuracy and eliminate statistical influence due to limited time in the facility (Brimelow & Wollin, 2018).

2. To ensure accurate reporting and classification of wound type and size, the Skin Tear Classification System, the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel, and the European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel were used as guidelines (Brimelow & Wollin, 2018).

3. Pre-existing wounds on entry were excluded from the study, and all care plans and wound reporting will be within a single online portal linked to both facilities (Brimelow & Wollin, 2018).

➢ Limitation

1. The data collection in the study was retrospective, relying on accurate data collection from both elderly homes participating in the study.

2. For the study to be accurate, the facilities must report precise information regarding care plans and identification of all skin injuries (Brimelow & Wollin, 2018).

3.       Staff knowledge and attitudes may impact the results of the study.

4.      The study’s short duration of six months and small cohort may have failed to reach the study’s potential significance.
Discuss the findings, including their relevance to clinical practice.
 The study’s relevancy to clinical practice is that skin tears and pressure injuries are quality indicators in long-term care facilities. The study also illustrates that skin tears and pressure injuries are the most common wounds experienced by elderly residents living in long-term care facilities.

➢ Implications

1.       Helping to lower the rate of skin tears and pressure injuries in elderly homes.

2.       Adopt holistic treatments into the resident’s care plan for skin injury prevention.

3.       Highlight crucial factors that contribute to skin injuries

4.      The study emphasizes that repositioning and skin hygiene will reduce skin injuries drastically.

➢ Credibility

• Electronic resident files warranted that the most up-to-date and accurate data was used.

• The Skin Tear Classification System, National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel, and the European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel were used as guiding principles for documenting and reporting wounds.

•    The survey researchers are from an independent research department, thus avoiding conflict of interest in the analysis.
Permalink for the article selected.
 https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib&db=psyh&AN=2018-13370-001&site=eds-live&custid=s9076023

 Reference

Brimelow, R. E., & Wollin, J. A. (2018). The impact of care practices and health demographics on the prevalence of skin tears and pressure injuries in aged care. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 27(7-8), 1519–1528. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.14287

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Question 

NUR 3643-Deliverable 3-Critical Appraisal of the Literature

Competency: Differentiate the components of the research process.

  • Find a current nursing research article (studies will have method sections) published within the past five years and include the permalink for the article you selected
  • Review the nursing research article and complete the
  • You must complete this deliverable in your own words; do not copy and paste from the

What is the identified research problem? Does the author include the significance and background of the problem?

  • Describe the identified research problem
  • Discuss the significance and background of the problem

Provide 2-3 sentences for this section

Did the author clearly articulate the research purpose? What was the purpose of the research?

  • Clearly state the research purpose

Provide 1-2 sentences in this section

Identify the study methodology.

  • Type of Study
  • Sample Size (number of participants in the study or number of studies if this was a systemic review or meta-analysis)
  • Was there an intervention? If so, what was it?
  • What outcome was measured?
  • How was it measured?
  • Who was in the study?
  • Where was the study completed?
  • What were the results?

This section should be no more than 1-2 paragraphs.

Did the article include a relevant review of the literature? Explain.

  • This content is located primarily in the literature review, but a discussion of prior evidence may be found in other sections of the nursing research.
  • This section should be no more than 3-4 sentences.

Describe the theoretical framework for the research study

  • Consider nursing theories
  • If not clearly stated in the research article, which theoretical framework could you apply to the study and why?

This section should be no more than 4-5 sentences.

What research objectives, questions, hypotheses, and procedures were identified in the article?

Summarize the research objectives, questions, hypothesis, and procedure.

Describe the results of the study along with identified strengths and limitations. Look at how the study was put together.

Sometimes, an author does not identify strengths, and it is up to you to figure out what they are. Was there a significant sample size? That would increase the reliability of the study. Were there pre-and post-test data, and does this increase the reliability of the study? Were there good measurements taken?

For weaknesses, often, the researchers will discuss these- but put them in your own words.

Discuss the findings, including their relevance to clinical practice.

  • What are four implications/recommendations for practice (this is how the information from the study can be used in nursing practice)?

What is the credibility of the study? What makes it believable?

Permalink for the article selected.