Navigating Ethical Dimensions-The Dynamics of Supervision in Therapeutic Relationships

Navigating Ethical Dimensions-The Dynamics of Supervision in Therapeutic Relationships

In a professional setting, ethics is the code of conduct that employees must follow at work. Specific issues influence how employees interact with their employers, and when an employee violates the ethics that have been established, they are said to be acting unethically. This paper will assist in highlighting the ethical issues that arise in clinical supervision between the supervisor, client, or supervisee. Maintenance is required for any interns entering their field of profession or performing their practicum to gain relevant experience and knowledge, allowing them to enter the area and fulfil certain obligations.

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Throughout supervision, supervisors can teach their supervisees competencies so that they can do their practices to protect patients and maintain their well-being. Any person working in a clinical field is expected to strictly follow the code of ethics on acting as a supervisee or a supervisor.

Counsellors and supervisors in supervisory roles must maintain meaningful contact and boundaries with their clients so that someone can look after them as role models and anyone in need can seek guidance. The supervisor is responsible for acting as a guide for students doing internships and assisting them in meeting the required obligations during training. He must occasionally speak with the intern to learn how the student is doing. In this regard, the Internet during his training must follow the prescribed code of conduct, which is acceptable in the health field (Fisher, 2014). The responsibilities and duties of the supervisor and the supervisee must be demonstrated so that each individual is aware of their obligations to reduce workplace commotion and collisions. All of this is contained in the workplace code of ethics.

Supervisors must collaborate closely with their supervisees to ensure the client’s well-being. It is unethical for a supervisor to leave his client to complete his responsibilities independently without providing him with guidelines on how the work should be completed. Supervisors are responsible for ensuring their clients are appropriately guided in carrying out their obligations without leaving them to fend for themselves. As a result, when the supervisee is not correctly trained, bad situations can occur, exposing the supervisor to entire liability because he was the supervisor when the problem arose.

Open communication between the supervisor and the supervisee is an ethical issue because it allows for the free flow of communication between them, and in the absence of the supervisor, the supervisee may know what to do and when he is supposed to inquire about assistance. The code of ethics also specifies the circumstances and incidents under which the supervisee and supervisor may terminate their engagements so that no one may leave the contract without first following the procedures outlined in the code. If anyone is allowed to go at leisure, he is said to have violated the code of ethics.

The supervisor can look for someone else to fill the position if the supervisee terminates the contract legally. In addition, the supervisee must provide a notice informing the supervisor of when they will leave the agreement. Failure to provide information raises ethical concerns because it violates the code of ethics in a professional setting, such as clinical supervision. It is always a good idea for a student or supervisee to leave the contract to assist the supervisor in finding another person to replace him when the agreement is terminated. When giving out treats to patients, supervisors must always follow the guidelines. If not, they must inform the patient that failing to follow the ACA code’s ethical rules violates the client’s rights and privileges. Furthermore, if the supervisee fails to follow the guidelines for the therapeutic session, he may endanger the client and violate the patient’s rights, which is illegal and punishable by law. The client’s interests must come first, followed by the supervisee’s or supervisor’s interests, and the supervisee must always act in the patient’s best interests.

In clinical supervision, the supervisor and the supervisee must ensure that the patient’s rights to information are kept confidential without exposing it to the public. Disseminating one’s data is against medical ethics, and when the supervisor discloses the patient’s private information, he violates the patient’s rights. Counsellors and supervisors must provide rigorous, appropriate services to clients based on relevant research methodologies. Supervisors are responsible for providing supervision activities to interns to ensure that the knowledge they gain is of great importance to society. Supervisors must carefully understand their roles and responsibilities to avoid conflicts (Falender, 2012).

Furthermore, supervisors are expected to avoid situations that could result in them having dual relationships at work. The dual relationship complicates clinical supervision because the supervisor may be involved in more than one role, which may result in conflicting situations in the workplace. Before beginning training, the supervisor should visit the training site and learn about the therapy sessions to ensure that what they deliver is competent (Fisher, 2014). Supervisors must treat their clients with respect and provide meaningful and timely feedback. In making every decision, the supervisee and supervisor are supposed to involve everyone while keeping ethical issues in mind to ensure that everything is done correctly. According to ethics, all supervisors must have a broad knowledge of ethics, laws, and professional regulations to ensure that what they pass on to their clients is genuine and of the highest calibre.

A supervisor engaging in sexual behaviour with his supervisee is unethical. When a supervisor has sexual contact with a client, the working relationship suffers because the client’s morale in carrying out his duties and responsibilities suffers (Falender, 2012). Misuse of power by supervisors is an ethical issue that occurs when a supervisor uses his leadership powers appropriately so that he mistreats his subordinates at work. The supervisee and the supervisor must collaborate so closely that the public cannot tell who is the most senior. Furthermore, some supervisors make poor decisions due to inexperience, which can create a negative experience for the supervisee as he takes home what he learns from his supervisor.

Supervisors and supervisees are not permitted to publicly express their disagreements to adhere to ethical issues and standards. Instead, they must swallow their differences to preserve the organization’s image. In light of this, they are not permitted to bring personal issues into the workplace, which can hurt one’s morale while performing their duties. Supervisors are not allowed to use their position to meet their demands or needs at the expense of others by the ethical standards of their supervision. Attending meetings and staffing on time is always honest for a supervisor because it ensures seriousness in his actions and makes achieving organizational goals and aims easy.

Supervisors, as leaders, must ensure that they identify problems that arise during training sessions and that they can solve those problems. Counsellors and supervisors obligate society by initiating projects or providing financial assistance to the community, known as the public, without receiving any financial benefit from the district. Supervisors are expected to act as gatekeepers, ensuring that everything done under their supervision is supervised (Goodyear, 2014). They are also likely to conduct thorough evaluations of the supervisee’s performance, which can be accomplished through observation, video, and audio recording so that he does not have to rely on the reports brought to them by the supervisee to check. Using such methods, the supervisor can determine which areas the supervisee needs to improve and work on so that the same mistakes do not occur in the future. If the supervisor fails to conduct such evaluations, the client cannot perform the duties properly; thus, it is ethical for the supervisor to carry out his moral duties properly (Goodyear, 2014). Furthermore, the supervisor must promptly conduct formal and regular reviews of supervisee reports. Ethical issues may arise during the review and evaluation process if the supervisee’s performance fails to meet the set standards.

Mandatory notifications from supervisors to the board that regulates work and contact between supervisors and supervisees must be completed on time so that the board knows the supervisor’s and supervisees’ progress and behaviour. Furthermore, the supervisee has the right to notify the supervisory board of the inappropriate and impaired behaviour of the supervisor. If found to have acted unethically, they can be warned or relieved of their supervisor duties. It is unethical for the supervisor or supervisee to perform his duties while intoxicated; thus, they must perform their duties while sober (Goodyear,2014). Being drunk can lead to incorrect drug prescriptions among patients, causing harm to the patient’s health. Supervisors are expected to meet their supervisees’ financial obligations by ensuring they are paid on time, as timely payment of supervisees improves their duties.

Conclusion

Because ethics plays a vital role in shaping individuals from various professional backgrounds, all individuals are expected to follow the accepted code of ethics when carrying out their duties in their work environment—failure to follow such rules and guidelines results in unethical behaviour, which is punishable by law.

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References

Asay, P. A., & Lal, A. (2014). Who’s Googled whom? Trainees’ online and social networking experiences, behaviours, and attitudes with clients and supervisors. Training and Education in Professional Psychology, 8(2), 105-111. doi:10.1037/tep0000035

Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (2014). Guidelines for mandatory notifications. Retrieved from http://www.psychologyboard.gov.au/Standards-and- Guidelines/Codes-Guidelines-Policies.aspx

Australian Psychological Society (2007). Code of ethics. Melbourne, Australia: Author.

Australian Psychological Society (2008). Guidelines for managing professional boundaries and multiple relationships. Melbourne, Australia: Author.

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Australian Psychological Society (2012). Guidelines regarding financial dealings and fair trading. Melbourne, Australia: Author.

Australian Psychological Society (2014). Ethical guidelines. Complementing the code of ethics (12th ed.) Melbourne, Australia: Author.

Behnke, S. (2005). The Supervisor as Gatekeeper: Reflections on Ethical Standards 7.02, 7.04, 7.05, 7.06, and 10.01. Monitor on Psychology, 36, 90. Retrieved from http://www.apa.org./monitor/may05/ethics.html.

Bernard. J. M. & Goodyear, R. K. (2014). Fundamentals of clinical supervision (5th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson Education.

Carroll, M. (2007). One more time: What is supervision? Psychotherapy in Australia, 13 (3), 34- 40.

Carroll, M. (2014). Adequate supervision for the helping professions (2nd ed.). London, UK: Sage.

Carroll, M., & Shaw, E. (2013). Ethical maturity in the helping professions: Making difficult life and work decisions. London, UK: Jessica Kinsley Publishers.

Falender, C. A., & Shafranske, E. P. (2004). Clinical supervision: A competency-based approach. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Falender, C. A., & Shafranske, E. P. (2012a). Getting the most out of clinical supervision and training: A guide for practicum students and interns. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Falender, C. A., & Shafranske, E. P. (2012b). The importance of competency-based clinical supervision and training in the twenty-first century: Why bother? Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 42, 129–137. doi:10.1007/s10879-011-9198-9

Falender, C. A., Shafranske, E. P., & Falikov, C. J. (Eds.). (2014). Multiculturalism and diversity in clinical supervision: A competency-based approach. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Fisher, C. B. (2014). Multicultural ethics in professional psychology practice, consulting, and training. In F.T.L. Leong, L. Comas-Diaz, G.C. Nagayam Hall, V.C. McLoyd, & J.E. Trimble (Eds). APA Handbook of multicultural psychology, Vol. 2: Applications and training. APA handbooks in psychology (pp. 35-57). Washington, DC, U.S.: American Psychological Association.

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I need assistance with a discussion question. Below is the question.

Chapter 9 addresses ethical issues associated with the supervision of trainees and peers. How does the supervisee/supervisor relationship parallel the client/therapist relationship? What is “peer supervision”? How would you know if “peer supervision” has breached client confidentiality when considering peer supervision? Be sure to integrate appropriate professional terminology in your discussion.

Ethical Issues in Clinical Supervision

The reading also briefly discusses ethical issues associated with assessment, test administration, and diagnosis…all of which pertain to competency. Many mental health professionals assess and diagnose clients and conduct more formal “psychological evaluations.” Conduct a brief internet search to determine who is qualified to conduct a “psychological evaluation” to evaluate complex psychological issues. What diagnoses may require a comprehensive psychological evaluation? What diagnoses would you, as a master’s level clinician, defer to someone with more training (M.D. or PhD)? See the info under the Content Tab for Qualifications for Psychological Testing. Be sure you understand the difference between Psychological and Psychiatric Evaluations.