Methodology, Participants, Data Collection, and Dissemination

Hello, my name is… My research proposal is a study of how nurse-to-patient staffing ratios affect patient safety outcomes. I aim to explore if a 1:4 staffing ratio, as opposed to ratios over 1:6, results in fewer falls, pressure sores, and medication errors within a 30-day hospital stay for adult patients. This research is relevant in helping to inform hospital staffing policy and the general quality of patient care through evidence-based practice standards. In this session, I will explore various research methodologies and theories: Methodology, Participants, Data Collection, and Dissemination.

Let’s begin by comparing Grounded Theory and Constructivist Grounded Theory.

Grounded theory (Glaser & Strauss) builds theory from data using systematic coding and theoretical sampling. It is interested in building patterns from real-life observations. On the other hand, Bobbink et al. (2024) note that constructivist grounded theory (Charmaz) includes a reflexive approach, recognizing the researcher’s contribution to co-constructing meaning. Both use interviews and recursive data collection, but Charmaz’s method is best used for research involving subjective nurse experiences, offering a richer contextual understanding of staffing dynamics.

Let us now delve into Descriptive and Interpretive Phenomenology.

Descriptive phenomenology (Husserl) looks for the essence of lived experiences and entails the bracketing of biases on the researcher’s part. According to Shorey and Debby (2022), it utilizes interviews and strict thematic analysis. Interpretive phenomenology (Heidegger) is receptive to the reality that interpretation is derived from the researcher’s understanding. This makes Heidegger’s methodology especially useful for examining how nurses perceive and react toward unsafe staffing, since it understands the meaning behind their behaviors and attitudes in real-world settings.

We’ll now look at Critical Social and Feminist Theory.

Critical social theory reveals power inequalities in institutions, supplementing research on how staffing shortages injure patients and overburden nurses. In contrast, Finn and Brown (2022) note that the feminist theory foregrounds gender equality and can focus on the plight of a predominantly female workforce. Both theories support the use of qualitative methodologies to give voice to oppressed groups and to effect systemic transformation, objectives highly appropriate to nursing activism and policy-driven research aimed at transforming staffing.

As I conclude, let me discuss Participative Action Research.

Participative action research (PAR) engages stakeholders like bedside nurses as co-researchers in workplace problem identification and solution. PAR promotes teamwork, participant empowerment, and real-world application, as noted by Effendy et al. (2022). PAR is optimally designed to investigate nurse staffing ratios since it has the most impact on the creation of staffing solutions and assessment, resulting in more sustained, practice-based patient safety and nurse satisfaction improvements.

That is all for today. Thank you.

References

Bobbink, P., Larkin, P., & Probst, S. (2024). Application and challenges of using a constructivist grounded theory methodology to address an undertheorized clinical challenge: A discussion paper. International Journal of Nursing Studies Advances, 6, 100199–100199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnsa.2024.100199

Effendy, C., Margaretha, S. E. P. M., & Probandari, A. (2022). The utility of participatory action research in the nursing field. Creative Nursing, 28(1), 54–60. https://doi.org/10.1891/cn-2021-0021

Finn, G. M., & Brown, M. E. L. (2022). Ova-looking feminist theory: A call for consideration within health professions education and research. Advances in Health Sciences Education, 27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10459-022-10108-8

Shorey, S., & Debby, E. (2022). Examining characteristics of descriptive phenomenological nursing studies: A scoping review. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 78(7), 1968–1979. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.15244

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Module 4 Discussion: Methodology, Participants, Data Collection, and Dissemination
Purpose: In this discussion, you will explore various research methodologies and theories. Your responses should be concise and demonstrate how these methodologies and theories can be applied to your research proposal. Answer all four questions and respond to at least two of your classmates.

Discussion Instructions
Create a Video Discussion:

• Record a video addressing the four discussion questions.
• Use tools like Canvas Studio, Zoom, or your smartphone.
• Keep your video under 2 minutes.
• Encouragement: Create a “social media” style video using still-frame images and voice-over, similar to TikTok or Instagram. Creativity is encouraged!
  

  Methodology, Participants, Data Collection, and Dissemination

Video Content:

• Introduction and Purpose: Briefly introduce your research proposal topic. RESEARCH TOPIC IS: In hospitalized adult patients, how does a nurse-to-patient ratio of 1:4 compared to a ratio above 1:6 affect patient safety outcomes such as falls, pressure ulcers, and medication errors within a 30-day hospital stay?
• Question 1: Compare/contrast Grounded Theory (Glaser & Strauss) and Constructivist Grounded Theory (Charmaz). Discuss participant selection, data collection, and analysis.
• Question 2: Compare Descriptive Phenomenology (Husserl) and Interpretive Phenomenology (Heidegger). Discuss participant selection, data collection, and analysis.
• Question 3: Explain how Critical Social Theory and Feminist Theory may be applied to various methodologies. Discuss the purpose and application of these theories.
• Question 4: Define Participative Action Research (PAR). Explain its purpose and application in research.

Post Your Video:

• Record your video using Canvas Studio. You must use Canvas studio to record and upload the video. Any other format will result in a zero.
• Embed your Canvas Studio video in the discussion board post.