Methodology outline- Benefits of Physical Therapy for Lower Extremity Injuries

Methodology outline- Benefits of Physical Therapy for Lower Extremity Injuries

Physical therapy is one of the mainstay modalities of managing lower extremity injuries. It is targeted at easing pain attributable to these injuries and can help improve mobility functions. This research explores the benefits of physical therapy in managing lower extremity injuries.

Benefits of Physical Therapy for Lower Extremity Injuries

1. Introduction
2. Description of physical therapy and its use in patient management (Skwiot et al., 2021)
3. Different types of physical therapy.

The type of physical therapy used on the patients is often determined by the presenting manifestations, among other patient factors (Zhang et al., 2023).

1. Pediatric physical therapy.
2. Neurological physical therapy.
3. Geriatric physical therapy.
4. Orthopedic physical therapy.
5. Vestibular rehabilitation
6. Cardiovascular and pulmonary physical therapy.
7. The need for physical therapy in patient management.

Physical therapy maintains effectiveness in managing diverse ailments and pathological conditions (Papalia et al., 2020). Some of the reasons patients may need physical therapy include:

1. Muscular and skeletal injuries that sometimes go unnoticed and thereby fail to heal completely (Whittaker & Roos, (2019).
2. Loss of mobility secondary to muscles and joint injuries (George & Goode, 2020)
3. Exacerbation of chronic pain.
4. Treatment of chronic conditions such as multiple sclerosis and parkinsonism.
5. The use of physical therapy in managing lower extremity injuries
6. Description of lower extremity injuries.

Lower extremity injuries are common injuries among athletes. These injuries commonly affect muscles and joints and are mainly a result of trauma. Notwithstanding, lower extremity injuries may compromise mobility functionalities. The accompanying pain makes these illnesses debilitating and is the main reason for healthcare seeking among persons with these injuries (Peluso et al., 2022).

1. Comprehensive management of lower extremity injuries.

Corrective surgeries, fracture management, pain management, nerve repair, revascularization, physical therapy, and soft tissue debridement are some of the procedures during the comprehensive management of lower extremity injuries (Stolt et al., 2020).

1. Physical therapy maintains effectiveness in the management of lower extremity injuries.
2. Physical therapy in lower extremity injuries.

The benefits of using physical therapy in managing lower extremity injuries.

1. Methodology

This study will use a systematic review methodology to explore the benefits of using physical therapy to manage lower extremity injuries.

1. Systematic reviews:

Systematic reviews are protocol-driven syntheses of available data.

1. Why systematic review methodology?

This methodology can give definitive answers to the clinical question. This methodology summarizes vast information and utilizes it to comprehensively answer the research question (Sataloff et al., 2021). This methodology also eliminates the need for human participants and the subsequent financial and time resources that would have otherwise been incurred when conducting physical research. The method also reduces bias during the selection and inclusion of research studies to inform the findings (Ranganathan, 2019). It is for these reasons that this methodology was selected. This methodology is also appropriate for this study as it allows for the synthesis of diverse and vast data on the benefits of physical therapy in managing lower extremity injuries.

2. Protocols associated with systematic reviews

The first step when using systematic review methodology is to formulate the key question. In this study, the key question is whether physical therapy is beneficial in the management of lower extremity injuries. This will be followed by the identification of relevant studies. These studies will then be appraised, and the most relevant ones will be used to inform the findings.

III. Sampling Protocols

1. Target population

The target population for this study is persons with lower extremity injuries.

1. Sampling

Scholarly articles were located randomly from reputable databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane. Random sampling is used in this respect as it is simple and diminishes the potential for bias.

1. Inclusion Criteria

The articles used to address the research question were peer-reviewed scholarly articles published in the last ten years relevant to the clinical area of the research, and experimental and quasi-experimental research designs were used to inform their findings.

1. Data Collection

Data extraction was done from the selected publications. The articles that met the inclusion criteria were used. Information on the author, the year of publications, and results were also obtained.

1. Data Analysis

Each of the studies used to inform the findings will be assessed using a rating system developed by Gusenbauer & Haddaway (2020). This rating system provides a comprehensive evaluation of study methods and can be used to inform findings on the benefits of physical therapy in managing lower extremity injuries. It considers characteristics such as intervention description, the sample size, the validity of the chosen outcomes, and the characteristics of the participants. The articles that pass the rating system will meet the eligibility criteria and will be used to inform the findings. The findings from these studies will then be summarized and synthesized. Detailed information on the beneficial effects of physical therapy on lower extremity injuries will then be outlined.

1. Validity
2. The validity of the methodology.

Systematic reviews are often considered the best evidence for answering a research question. The procedures that are used in systematic reviews maintain high validity and reliability. For this study, the articles that will be used to inform the findings will be critically appraised to ensure that they are relevant, accurate, authoritative, and purposeful.

1. Ethical consideration

The potential ethical considerations when conducting this study include bias elimination.

VII. Conclusion

1. The study explores the benefits of physical therapy in managing lower extremity injuries.
2. Physical therapy remains beneficial in managing lower extremity injuries.

It plays a role in managing pain and considerably improves mobility for patients with these injuries. This therapeutic modality has been associated with significant cost savings as it ensures complete healing, decreased need for medications, and fall prevention.

1. Implication of the study

The study is centered on the comprehensive management of lower extremity injuries. These injuries are common among athletes but may also affect other population strata. The study’s findings reaffirm the benefits of this therapeutic modality in managing lower extremity injuries. In the pursuit of safer and cost-effective approaches to care, physical therapy provides a better guarantee of safety enhancement as it is non-invasive and effective and can be used to substitute other modalities, such as medications and surgeries, for some types of lower extremity injuries. Moving forward, more studies on the beneficial effects of physical therapy need to be conducted with an emphasis on how best they can be used to substitute other invasive and high-risk modalities such as surgeries.

 References

George, S. Z., & Goode, A. P. (2020). Physical therapy and opioid use for musculoskeletal pain management: Competitors or companions? PAIN Reports, 5(5). https://doi.org/10.1097/pr9.0000000000000827

Gusenbauer, M., & Haddaway, N. R. (2020). Which academic search systems are suitable for systematic reviews or meta-analyses? evaluating retrieval qualities of Google Scholar, PubMed, and 26 other resources. Research Synthesis Methods, 11(2), 181–217. https://doi.org/10.1002/jrsm.1378

Pallister, I., Handley, G. J., Maggs, S., Davies, A.-M., Kyle, A., Bodger, O., & Dafydd, H. (2021). Measuring recovery after open lower limb fractures: Combined objective functional tests and global perceived recovery outperform narrower metrics and a standard generic patient-reported outcome measure. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-021-04356-9

Papalia, G. F., Papalia, R., Diaz Balzani, L. A., Torre, G., Zampogna, B., Vasta, S., Fossati, C., Alifano, A. M., & Denaro, V. (2020). The effects of physical exercise on balance and prevention of falls in older people: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 9(8), 2595. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082595

Peluso, R., Hesson, J., Aikens, J., & Bullock, M. (2022). An update on physical therapy adjuncts in orthopedics. Arthroplasty Today, 14, 163–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artd.2022.02.013

Ranganathan, P. (2019). Understanding Research Study Designs. Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine, 23(S4), 0–0. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23314

SAKAMOTO, M. (2021). Effects of physical agents on muscle healing with a focus on animal model research. Physical Therapy Research, 24(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1298/ptr.r0011

Sataloff, R. T., Bush, M. L., Chandra, R., Chepeha, D., Rotenberg, B., Fisher, E. W., Goldenberg, D., Hanna, E. Y., Kerschner, J. E., Kraus, D. H., Krouse, J. H., Li, D., Link, M., Lustig, L. R., Selesnick, S. H., Sindwani, R., Smith, R. J., Tysome, J., Weber, P. C., & Welling, D. B. (2021). Systematic and other reviews: Criteria and complexities. Journal of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, 50(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40463-021-00527-9

Skwiot, M., Śliwiński, Z., Żurawski, A., & Śliwiński, G. (2021). Effectiveness of physiotherapy interventions for injury in ballet dancers: A systematic review. PLOS ONE, 16(6). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253437

Stolt, M., Laitinen, A.-M., Ruutiainen, J., & Leino-Kilpi, H. (2020). Research on lower extremity health in patients with multiple sclerosis: A systematic scoping review. Journal of Foot and Ankle Research, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13047-020-00423-x

Warutkar, V., Gulrandhe, P., Morghade, S., Krishna Kovela, R., & Qureshi, M. I. (2022). Physiotherapy for multiple sclerosis patients from early to transition phase: A scoping review. Cureus. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.30779

Whittaker, J. L., & Roos, E. M. (2019). A pragmatic approach to prevent post-traumatic osteoarthritis after sport or exercise-related joint injury. Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology, 33(1), 158–171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.berh.2019.02.008

Zhang, S., Gu, M., Zhang, T., Xu, H., Mao, S., & Zhou, W. (2023). Effects of exercise therapy on disability, mobility, and quality of life in the elderly with chronic low back pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-023-03988-y

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