Need Help With This Assignment?

Let Our Team of Professional Writers Write a PLAGIARISM-FREE Paper for You!

SUBMIT YOUR ASSIGNMENT

Nursing, Pages: 4

Literature Review – The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies

Literature Review – The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies

Clinical information systems have revolutionized the practice of healthcare, with significant improvements in patient outcomes, operating efficiency, and overall quality (Tun & Madanian, 2023). Nurse informaticists and healthcare managers must formulate clinical system strategies based on evidence-based technologies as healthcare continues to evolve amidst the digital era. This annotated bibliography discusses four peer-reviewed research articles from the last five years, which demonstrate the manner in which specific clinical systems enhance healthcare efficiencies and outcomes. Through the incorporation of results in these studies, this paper aims to provide evidence of effective clinical system applications that can guide nursing practice and healthcare delivery strategies. The studies selected cover a range of clinical systems, including patient remote monitoring, mobile health diabetes apps, clinical decision support systems, and telehealth systems, all of which demonstrate quantifiable improvements in the provision of healthcare and patient outcomes.

Annis, T., Pleasants, S., Hultman, G., Lindemann, E., Thompson, J. A., Billecke, S., Badlani, S., & Melton, G. B. (2020). Rapid implementation of a COVID-19 remote patient monitoring program. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 27(8), 1326–1330. https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocaa097

Annis and colleagues reported on the accelerated deployment and outcome of a COVID-19 remote patient monitoring (RPM) program implemented during the initial pandemic surge. The authors piloted a COVID-19 remote monitoring solution (GetWell Loop) tailored specifically to engage COVID-19 symptom patients, provide education, and allow patients to raise concerns. The platform generated alerts that were addressed by a virtual care workforce of medical professionals and students. The research followed 2,255 enrolled patients for one month (March 18 to April 20, 2020), which was about 61% of eligible patients with COVID-19 symptoms.

The outcomes demonstrated significant benefits of the RPM system, including the production of over 2,303 clinical alerts and 4,613 messages to facilitate appropriate triage and coordination of care. This equated to only 13 hospitalizations and 91 emergency room visits among the enrolled patients, representing successful outpatient treatment of a majority of the cases. Patient satisfaction was remarkably high, with 74% of patients who were surveyed saying they would be “extremely likely” to refer their doctor after having used the system. The researchers noted that patients frequently reported skipping emergency department or urgent care visits due to virtual providers offered through the system.

One of the most important success factors was the creation of a resident and medical student virtual care pandemic response rotation, which not only provided adequate staffing for the RPM system but also provided valuable learning experiences for medical trainees who otherwise would have been put out of commission during the pandemic. The rollout team successfully condensed what would normally have a 4-6 month rollout schedule into two weeks and thus proved that it is possible to have a quick deployment of clinical systems in times of healthcare crises. The enrollment process was initially manual and ineffective, but the team progressively improved the system to automate parts of the process and eventually developed a real-time interface solution.

This study demonstrates that remote patient monitoring systems can be rapidly deployed during periods of healthcare crises to improve clinical outcomes, conserve resources, and provide greater patient protection. The findings identify how clinical systems can increase the number of available healthcare providers during periods of capacity shortages without compromising quality care through frequent monitoring and timely intervention.

Lee, J. L., & Kim, Y. (2024). Evaluation of mobile applications for patients with diabetes mellitus: A scoping review. Healthcare, 12(3), 368. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12030368

This scoping review by Lee and Kim examined the clinical effectiveness and usability of mobile applications in diabetes management. The authors critically appraised twelve studies published from January 2016 to August 2021 and examined various mobile applications used in diabetes management. The studies being reviewed had type 1 diabetic (16.7%), type 2 diabetic (50%), or both types of diabetic (33.3%) participants, and intervention duration varied from less than 4 weeks to 12 months.

The investigators established that diabetes mobile applications offered a variety of functionalities, and the majority provided the capability to enter health parameters (blood glucose, psychological data) and self-management functions (diet, drug, and exercise tracking). Five apps had recommendation functions, three included educational content, and two provided reminder functions. The most sophisticated apps bundled multiple functions, namely those that combined blood glucose tracking with medication tracking and nutrition counseling.

The outcomes of the studies demonstrated that these mobile apps enhanced patients’ clinical diabetes outcomes. All three of the four studies examined functionality alone but found that levels of HbA1c decreased significantly upon the use of the mobile app. One of the three studies considered both functionality and usability but identified significant decreases in levels of HbA1c and desired changes in the behavior of self-management. The applications were also widely rated very high on usability, and research has found high system usability, ease of use, positive attitude toward use, persistent intention to use, and overall satisfaction.

A significant result was that the apps with greater completeness in function and greater usability ratings performed more favorably on clinical outcomes. The authors underscored the requirement for a common assessment measure and recommended developers utilize established methods such as the ISO9241-11 usability definition or the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS) in the development and evaluation of diabetes-specific apps. They also recommended measuring HbA1c values and self-care activities as standard assessment variables in future studies.

This research illustrates that clinical outcomes can significantly be enhanced by diabetes management apps if they integrate various functionalities and are developed with user experience. The findings demonstrate that patient clinical systems can effectively support patient self-management of chronic disease, potentially reducing healthcare use while improving clinical markers.

Sutton, R. T., Pincock, D., Baumgart, D. C., Sadowski, D. C., Fedorak, R. N., & Kroeker, K. I. (2020). An overview of clinical decision support systems: Benefits, risks, and strategies for success. Npj Digital Medicine, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-020-0221-y

Sutton and co-authors provided a comprehensive definition of clinical decision support systems (CDSS) and their implications on the delivery of healthcare. The authors studied the various types of CDSS, including currently operational systems with proven effectiveness, basic errors, and possible negative impacts. They emphasized that CDSS has proven effectiveness in aiding healthcare professionals in a multitude of decisions and activities concerning patient care. CDSS systems have actively participated in enhancing the quality of care to patients.

The research demonstrated that CDSS systems, particularly those with CPOE, are well supported in terms of efficacy. These systems decrease the likelihood of medication errors and increase adherence to clinical guidelines, improve the accuracy of diagnosis and appropriate use of the services. In the electronic medical record era, there is increasing evidence in the literature regarding the use of CDSS with improving standards of system interoperability, implementation, and cost-effectiveness which enhances usefulness.

The authors also raised some other issues regarding alert fatigue, interruption of participant flow, and degradation of patient care for poorly designed systems. Careful design, execution, and maintenance of CDSS helps in mitigating these risks. The study concluded that while CDSS have a significant benefit in terms of enhancing healthcare outcomes, there should be caution regarding potential limitations, especially with the development of these systems because of advances in artificial intelligence and interoperability.

Wardlow, L., Roberts, C., & Archbald-Pannone, L. (2022). Perceptions and uses of telehealth in the care of older adults. Telemedicine and E-Health, 29(8). https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2022.0378

Wardlow et al. (2022) surveyed US clinicians across the country to ask opinions and utilization of telehealth among older adults (≥65 years). Of approximately 13,300 surveys sent out, they received back 7,246 responses (55%). Over half (56%) of these were independent practitioners with licensure who worked mainly as geriatric medicine practitioners (22%) or general primary care physicians (9.7%).

Telehealth was reported to be widely applied in hospitals (53%), long-term care settings (47%), and outpatient facilities (47%). A majority of the participants (55%) identified improved health for older adults through increased cooperation among stakeholders as one of telehealth’s central advantages. According to the authors, perceived telehealth benefits hugely outweighed barriers in the care of older persons.

Interestingly, a smaller percentage of primary care clinicians (47%) indicated receiving sufficient support in telehealth use compared with geriatric clinicians (62%) or other specialty clinicians (60%). The majority (65%) of the participants reported the application of one or more age-friendly practices (40% frequently; 25% always), while 5% reported that their telehealth program never applied age-friendly practices.

This study describes how telehealth systems can effectively provide care delivery to aging adult populations with support and strategies tailored to aging properly. Perceptions of clinicians have been reported to be instrumental to the successful implementation of telehealth technologies.

Conclusion

These four studies illustrate the ways in which information systems in healthcare are associated with positive improvements in the outcomes and efficiency of services provided in healthcare within different settings. Remote patient monitoring systems allow for secure care while mitigating the need to engage in-person healthcare services during crises. Mobile apps for managing chronic diseases help improve clinical outcomes through enhanced patient involvement and self-management. Clinical support decision systems assist the providers in decision-making and also reduce error and guideline deviation. Telehealth platforms facilitate the delivery of care to geographically isolated specialized populations, given that adequate support and practices are employed.

These systems share common critical success elements that include design with active end-user participation, integration into healthcare processes, and appropriate level of technology for the context. The findings illustrate the extent to which, with thoughtful implementation, clinical systems can reshape the processes of healthcare delivery by broadening the scope of providers’ activities, modifying the decision-making processes clinically, encouraging patients to take an active role, and achieving optimal resource expenditure.

References

Annis, T., Pleasants, S., Hultman, G., Lindemann, E., Thompson, J. A., Billecke, S., Badlani, S., & Melton, G. B. (2020). Rapid implementation of a COVID-19 remote patient monitoring program. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 27(8), 1326–1330. https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocaa097

Lee, J. L., & Kim, Y. (2024). Evaluation of mobile applications for patients with diabetes mellitus: A scoping review. Healthcare, 12(3), 368. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12030368

Sutton, R. T., Pincock, D., Baumgart, D. C., Sadowski, D. C., Fedorak, R. N., & Kroeker, K. I. (2020). An overview of clinical decision support systems: benefits, risks, and strategies for success. Npj Digital Medicine, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-020-0221-y

Tun, S. Y. Y., & Madanian, S. (2023). Clinical information system (CIS) implementation in developing countries: Requirements, success factors, and recommendations. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 30(4), 761–774. https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocad011

Wardlow, L., Roberts, C., & Archbald-Pannone, L. (2022). Perceptions and uses of telehealth in the care of older adults. Telemedicine and E-Health, 29(8). https://doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2022.0378

ORDER A PLAGIARISM-FREE PAPER HERE

We’ll write everything from scratch

Question 

Literature Review – The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies

New technology—and the application of existing technology—only appears in healthcare settings after careful and significant research. The stakes are high, and new clinical systems need to offer evidence of positive impact on outcomes or efficiencies.

Nurse informaticists and healthcare leaders formulate clinical system strategies. As these strategies are often based on technology trends, informaticists and others have then benefited from consulting existing research to inform their thinking.

In this Assignment, you will review existing research focused on the application of clinical systems. After reviewing, you will summarize your findings.

The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies

The Use of Clinical Systems to Improve Outcomes and Efficiencies

Resources

To Prepare:

  • Review the Resources and reflect on the impact of clinical systems on outcomes and efficiencies within the context of nursing practice and healthcare delivery.
  • Conduct a search for recent (within the last 5 years) research focused on the application of clinical systems. The research should provide evidence to support the use of one type of clinical system to improve outcomes and/or efficiencies, such as “the use of personal health records or portals to support patients newly diagnosed with diabetes.”
  • Identify and select 4 peer-reviewed research articles from your research.
  • For information about annotated bibliographies, visit https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/assignments/annotatedbibliographiesLinks to an external site.

The Assignment: (4-5 pages not including the title and reference page)

In a 4- to 5-page paper, synthesize the peer-reviewed research you reviewed. Format your Assignment as an Annotated Bibliography. Be sure to address the following:

  • Identify the 4 peer-reviewed research articles you reviewed, citing each in APA format.
  • Include an introduction explaining the purpose of the paper.
  • Summarize each study, explaining the improvement to outcomes, efficiencies, and lessons learned from the application of the clinical system each peer-reviewed article described. Be specific and provide examples.
  • In your conclusion, synthesize the findings from the 4 peer-reviewed research articles.
  • Use APA format and include a title page.
  • Use the Turnitin Drafts to check your match percentage before submitting your work.