Energy and Conservation Laws

Energy and Conservation Laws

Friskney et al. (2022) delve into the application of nonlinear energy transfer in modern physics solutions. The fundamental technology behind nonlinear energy transfer is the nonlinear energy sink (NES), an oscillator that sets in motion once a machine starts working. The technology contributes to energy conservation by reducing the number of vibrations that occur once mechanical processes start taking place. The technology has been instrumental in the automobile industry, which has faced pressure to reduce energy use. NES is used in making turbo engines with high fuel efficiency. The end goal is to attain climatic sustainability and reduce the overall cost of transport.

One of the properties of a nonlinear energy sink that facilitates energy conservation is nonlinear stiffness. Therefore, instead of being rotated in a preferential frequency, it reacts to the amount of energy input. This is a form of targeted energy transfer energy that is transferred irreversibly from a primary system (donor) to a secondary system (receiver). In the long run, a few vibrations occur in the system leading to reduced energy loss.

The application of NES is closely related to Newton’s second law of motion. The law states that the amount of external force applied to an object equals the change in linear momentum. On the other hand, conservation of momentum means that in the absence of external force, the momentum of an object remains constant. For instance, when a volleyball ball is served, it takes equal opposite momentum to return it with equal force. The same technology applies to a mechanical process. When energy is released from a primary source, it encounters momentum imposed by vibrations. However, with the nonlinear energy sink, the extent of vibrations is reduced, thus reducing energy loss to the surrounding environment.

References

Friskney, B., Alevras, P., Londhe, S., Theodossiades, S., & McFarland, D. M. (2022). A Nonlinear Energy Sink Design to Attenuate the Torsional Oscillations of Lightly Loaded Gear Pairs. Applied Sciences, 12(13), 6778. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12136778

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The discussion topic this week will allow you to select a topic in the news related to physics, a discovery in physics, or an application of physics. The requirements are:

1. Post the link to the article. The article must be in the APUS Library, must relate to content that we have already covered in the class in Chapters 1-7, and must be from the last 12 months. There is a link to the APUS Library in the course.

2. Summarize the article, indicating the laws or theories of physics that are relevant to the article.

3. The article must be unique to you. So find an article that has not already been posted by another student