Electron Density- 7. Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

Electron Density- 7. Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle is a scientific principle in quantum mechanics based on the duality of nature. Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle states that particles exhibit both wave and particle-like nature, and it is, therefore, impossible to determine the velocity and the position of the particle accurately at the same time. According to Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, any increase in the accuracy of the positions of a particle in a quantum sphere is accompanied by proportionate increases in the uncertainties associated with the velocity of these particles within the quantum space (Eastwood, 2016). This highlights why it is impossible to determine the position and momentum of objects accurately at the same time. Hire our assignment writing services in case your assignment is devastating you.

Microscopic matter waves and electromagnetic radiations exhibit the duality characteristics of particles detailed in quantum mechanics. This principle asserts that the momentum and position of these electronic radiations and matter waves can only be determined simultaneously. In addition, electrons in an atom exhibit the dual nature described by Heisenberg. The wave-like nature of electrons, which makes determining their position and momentum in an atom simultaneously impossible, is further asserted by the quantum model described by Erwin Schrodinger in 1926. As per Schrodinger’s postulates, electrons around an atom do not move in a set path around the nucleus but in waves. Schrodinger adds that determining the exact location of an electron within the nucleus is impossible. The quantum model provides the basis for understanding Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. In addition, the quantum model further proposes a wave of uncertainty called orbitals, where electrons are likely to be located. However, due to electrons’ wave-like and particle-like nature, determining their momentum and accurate position in these orbitals can only be done simultaneously.

References

Eastwood, M. A. (2016). Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle. QJM. https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcw193.

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For this Discussion, use your understanding of the structure of atoms from your Week 2 readings in combination with insights gained from studying the image below on the history of atomic models.

Step 1. Define one of the following terms (include # of the term in your subject line)

Step 2. In your own words, explain how it relates to one of the historical models below. Be sure to indicate which historical model is part of your answer.

Step 3. Respond to a classmate’s post by connecting the term chosen by your classmate to a historical model different than the one chosen by your classmate. Be sure to indicate which historical model is part of your answer.

Aufbau principle
electromagnetic radiation
electromagnetic spectrum
electron density
excited state
halogen
Heisenberg uncertainty principle
interference pattern
line spectrum
orbital
noble gas
nuclear charge
periodic table
quantization
quantum number
shell
valence electron
wave-particle duality