Celiac Disease

Celiac Disease

Francisco,

Great post! Celiac disease is an autoimmune condition due to the body’s immune response to gluten, wheat, rye, and barley protein. The body’s immunity fights gluten by creating inflammation within the small intestines (Wood, 2019). This response affects the functionality of the small intestines over time and leads to diarrhea, weight loss, anemia, and fatigue. Gluten from various seeds such as wheat, barley, rye, and oats has glutamine and proline residues. These elements resist digestion within the intestines, leading to transglutaminase activation. Producing α-gliadin is responsible for the intense negative effects on the small intestines. The production of cytokines such as interferon-γ that support pro-inflammatory activities leads to the loss of intestinal permeability. Metalloproteinase is released, causing structural changes such as villi flattening, higher levels of lymphocytes within the intraepithelial, crypt hypertrophy, and higher cellularity within the lamina propria (Cohen & Day, 2019). I like the explanation you have provided regarding the pathophysiology of diarrhea and constipation among celiac patients. It is clear that nonfunctional villi, which are already flattened in most cases, fail to play their role in absorbing nutrients. The body’s ability or inability to digest gluten in some patients leads to immune responses that communicate intrusion of the digestion system by foreign elements. Get in touch with us at eminencepapers.com. We offer assignment help with high professionalism.

References

Cohen, I. S., & Day, A. S. (2019). Gluten in Celiac Disease—More or Less? Rambam Maimonides Med J., 10(1).

Wood, M. (2019). Celiac disease permanently reshapes immune cells in the intestine. Retrieved from https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/forefront/gastrointestinal-articles/celiac-disease-permanently-shapes-immune-cells-in-the-intestine

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Celiac Disease

A 19-year-old co-ed presents with increasing diarrhea and constipation over the last two weeks. She has a history of celiac disease.

What is the role of immunity and celiac disease?

The role of the immune system leads to an abnormal and unhealthy environment for intestinal villi. The immune response is triggered by the presence of gluten and the proteins therein, likely due to an inability of intestinal enzymes to digest or break down gliadin, which stems from gluten processing (Duglasch & Story, 2021). The immune response includes assaulting structures and processes within the GI tract, particularly the villi.

What is the effect of gluten on celiac disease?

Gluten and its protein derivatives, such as gliadin, are the substances that activate the immune response, which leads to the atrophy of villi, resulting in malabsorption (Duglasch & Story, 2021). It is worth noting that celiac disease is also an inherited disease, also known as gluten-sensitive enteropathy.

Describe the pathophysiology of the diarrhea and constipation.

Diarrhea and constipation associated with celiac disease are likely linked to various possible processes, including the malabsorption that occurs due to atrophied and nonfunctional villi, hence resulting in abnormal oncotic and nutritional status. Fluid imbalances follow, and the disease’s aspects, including indigestion, gas, and bloating and its impact on overall GI function, contribute to these problems. The condition also leads to endocrine disorders, overall abnormal GI function, and steatorrhea (Duglasch & Story, 2021).

Reference

Dlugasch, L., & Story, L. (2021). Applied Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse.
Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning