Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Diagnosis: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Rationale: Hao is mostly inattentive, is unable to follow routines and instructions at school, opts to follow his own rules, mostly ignores his parents when they speak to him, and mostly daydreams in class. He also is unable to stay still for long periods, throws temper tantrums when disrupted, and cannot maintain social connections with fellow children and family.

Additional Information Needed: teacher’s perspectives and observations, history of Hao’s behaviors and development, history of developmental issues in the family, duration, and severity of the symptoms both at home and at school, history of performance at school, and objective assessment using an evidence-based tool for autism and ADHD assessment.

Table A.1 Biopsychosocial Risk and Resilience Assessment for the Onset of the Disorder

	Risk Influences	Protective Influences
Biological	Young/5-year-old/ and male/ severe allergies since birth	No mental illness history in the family
Psychological	Anger issues/ new culture	Close and supportive family and siblings,
Social	Born and raised in a different culture	Financially secure and comfortable existence.

Table A.2 Biopsychosocial Risk and Resilience Assessment for the Course of the Disorder

	Risk Influences	Protective Influences
Biological	Poor management of food allergies impacts overall well-being.	Shows preference for certain subjects
Psychological	Symptoms noted late by parents, potential bullying by friends, and failure of teachers to understand him.	Family involvement in his education and activities/Family improves his learning interests and strengths.
Social	Increased defiance/ self-isolating behaviors/	Financial security/ Family support/ better access to educational and therapeutic resources/ and social engagement with peers and family members, including playing games like basketball

Goals:

Explore optional psychotherapies to improve Hao’s social skills and connection with family and peers.

Help Hao manage impulsive behaviors, inattention, and hyperactivity

Educate family on handling and getting along with Hao as well as on how to manage his behaviors

Critical Perspective of the Diagnosis:

It is important to consider Hao’s family culture and its perspectives on the behaviors he exhibits in the diagnosis and a consideration of his mental abilities in influencing his social development and capacity.

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