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Annotated Bibliography and Summary – Healthcare Technologies

Annotated Bibliography and Summary – Healthcare Technologies

Technological Advancements

The healthcare environment has experienced a rapid pace of technological advancements, presenting both opportunities and challenges. Despite the benefits, these technologies present issues related to data privacy, cybersecurity, and the integration of new technologies into clinical practice. This explores the issues related to technological advancements in healthcare through a review of current peer-reviewed literature. This article will describe the professional relevance of technological advancements in healthcare and my professional experience with advancements in healthcare technology. An annotated bibliography of four peer-reviewed articles is also developed, and a reflection on key lessons learned while developing an annotated bibliography is provided.

Professional Relevance and Professional Experience with Healthcare

Healthcare technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), telehealth, mHealth, and the Internet of Things, among others, have become common within healthcare settings. Such technologies support convenience in care delivery, reduce costs, support care personalization, and a proactive approach to healthcare, as well as improve operational and clinical efficiency in healthcare (Gopal et al., 2019). The use of telehealth in my practice has been quite impactful in the convenience of delivering collaborative care to patients remotely. However, issues related to data privacy, cybersecurity, and the integration of new technologies into clinical practice may affect consumer relationships, lead to costly lawsuits, and reduce trust and utilization of healthcare technology. Understanding the issues related to healthcare technologies can help healthcare professionals ensure appropriate safeguards are put in place to counter data privacy and cybersecurity concerns. It will also guide the implementation of interventions to promote the integration of such technologies in healthcare settings, such as technology assessments and training programs for nurses and other users.

Article Selection Process

I conducted a search for relevant articles related to healthcare technologies within the university’s digital library and other databases such as PubMed and Science Direct. I ensured relevant articles were returned by every search by using keywords such as electronic health records, telehealth, telemedicine, health informatics, security concerns, and healthcare technology competencies. I further enhanced the search with Boolean Functions, especially “AND.” To improve the relevancy of the articles returned, I used the provided database filtering tools, including year published, which was set for articles published within the last five years (2019-2024), articles that provided access to full text, and articles that specifically focused on the issues related to the topic, including cybersecurity, data privacy, system assessment, and solutions to integration issues.

Assessing the Credibility of Selected Articles

The criteria utilized to assess the credibility of the selected articles involved applying the CRAAP (Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, and Purpose) test to all articles. This included examining the year the article was published, ensuring it was within the last five years, determining the article’s relevance to the topic of focus, and determining the authors’ qualifications in the topic. The CRAAP test also allows the assessment of the methodological accuracy and accuracy of the data sources utilized by the authors, as well as the purpose of the article. The peer-reviewed articles that meet all aspects of this test are considered to be of high quality and credible.

Annotated Bibliography

Nifakos, S., Chandramouli, K., Nikolaou, C. K., Papachristou, P., Koch, S., Panaousis, E., & Bonacina, S. (2021). Influence of human factors on cyber security within healthcare organisations: A systematic review. Sensors 2021, Vol. 21, Page 5119, 21(15), 5119. https://doi.org/10.3390/S21155119

This systematic review consolidates available evidence with the aim of identifying and analyzing the role of human factors in developing cybersecurity issues within healthcare organizations. The article also reviews how organizational risk assessment methodologies and policies adopted within healthcare organizations strengthen cybersecurity. The healthcare environment has experienced an increased frequency of cybersecurity attacks. From a review of 70 peer-reviewed articles, the authors note that human factors, especially lack of awareness, poor password hygiene, susceptibility to phishing, and insider threats, contribute to a majority of cybersecurity breaches in healthcare settings. The authors conclude that human factors largely contribute to cybersecurity vulnerabilities within healthcare environments. Resolving the issue will require understanding and resolving the contributing factors related to workload, stress, fatigue, and the organizational cybersecurity culture. I selected this article as it provides valuable insights into the human dimension of cybersecurity in healthcare and how understanding related factors can help improve the development of targeted interventions.

Rutledge, C. M., O’Rourke, J., Mason, A. M., Chike-Harris, K., Behnke, L., Melhado, L., Downes, L., & Gustin, T. (2021). Telehealth competencies for nursing education and practice: The Four P’s of telehealth. Nurse Educator, 46(5), 300. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNE.0000000000000988

This article explores the application of the “Four P’s” framework in the development of various telehealth competencies for nurses in nursing education and practice. The lack of standardized telehealth competencies for advanced practice nursing is a major issue in both practice and education settings. The authors note that the development of knowledge, skills, and abilities/attitudes (KSAs) for the application of telehealth in nursing practice and education needs to be based on the Four Ps of planning, preparing, providing, and performance evaluation. This means identification of necessary information for telehealth programs, setting such programs, application of the programs in practice, and assessing and refining such programs based on evidence. The authors conclude that the Four P’s framework can provide a solution to the lack of standardized competencies and improve nurses’ competencies in using telehealth practice. I selected this article as it provides insights into developing major nursing competencies for the effective use of telehealth in both nursing education and practice.

Tervoort, T., De Oliveira, M. T., Pieters, W., Van Gelder, P., Olabarriaga, S. D., & Marquering, H. (2020). Solutions for mitigating cybersecurity risks caused by legacy software in medical devices: A scoping review. IEEE Access, 8, 84352–84361. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2984376

This article presents a scoping review investigating the various solutions for mitigating cybersecurity risks associated with legacy software in medical devices. The authors note that issues related to unmaintained legacy software, such as lack of updates and security patches, vulnerabilities to known exploits, and incompatibility with modern security protocols, increase cybersecurity risk vulnerabilities in medical devices. Based on a review of 35 studies, the authors identify 18 solutions. All solutions focus on intrusion detection and prevention, communication tunneling, and hardware protection. The article concludes that major solutions for the cybersecurity risks to modern medical devices posed by legacy software should focus on proxying Bluetooth communication through smartphones, behavior-specification-based anomaly detection, and authenticating signals based on physical characteristics. I selected this article since it provides insights into the cybersecurity risks of using legacy software in modern medical devices and proposes solutions that can be implemented to tackle such risks and threats.

Zhou, L., Thieret, R., Watzlaf, V., Dealmeida, D., & Parmanto, B. (2019). A telehealth privacy and security self-assessment questionnaire for telehealth providers: Development and validation. International Journal of Telerehabilitation, 11(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.5195/IJT.2019.6276

This article discusses the development and validation of a self-assessment questionnaire for telehealth providers applicable in the evaluation of their privacy and security practices. The authors argue that despite telehealth having significant benefits in healthcare delivery, especially among people with limited access, frequent data breaches reduce willingness to adopt such services. In response, the authors, in collaboration with 31 major telehealth providers, developed a 49 statements questionnaire covering key areas such as patient data security, confidentiality, system access control, incident response, and compliance with relevant regulations to help telehealth practitioners evaluate and improve their privacy and security practices within their healthcare systems. The article concludes that healthcare providers can utilize the questionnaire as a self-assessment tool for quick self-assessment of specific telehealth systems and applications. I selected this article because it provides a practical tool that can help telehealth providers self-assess their practices and telehealth security competencies and identify areas for improvement so as to support wider telehealth acceptability.

Reflections on Developing the Annotated Bibliography

The process of developing this annotated bibliography, from preparing for the research, searching for articles, assessing the credibility of articles, and selecting articles to include in the annotated bibliography, has been a great learning moment for me. It has helped me develop great insights into the processes of research, including the assessment of peer-reviewed literature, the use of databases to conduct my research, and how various tools such as the filtering function and use of Boolean functions can help with improving the relevance of articles returned after a search. I have also been able to understand what to review and look for in an article when assessing its credibility to a particular topic in my area of practice and interest.

Moreover, the four review articles included in the annotated bibliography have contributed much to understanding the topic of healthcare technologies, especially the issues of advanced technologies in healthcare and how to overcome such issues. For instance, despite the benefits of digital information technologies in health, I now understand how the security and privacy concerns, as well as the lack of essential competencies, are issues that remain unresolved and are affecting the full adoption of such solutions. I have also understood the contribution of human factors to these cybersecurity and privacy concerns within healthcare settings. Most importantly, I have gained valuable insights into the possible solutions that can be implemented within healthcare settings to improve and resolve security, privacy, and competency concerns to fully benefit from these advanced healthcare technologies. Overall, I am now more informed about using databases and peer-reviewed literature for research and developing new knowledge to improve the use of technology in practice.

References

Gopal, G., Suter-Crazzolara, C., Toldo, L., & Eberhardt, W. (2019). Digital transformation in healthcare – Architectures of present and future information technologies. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, 57(3). https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2018-0658

Nifakos, S., Chandramouli, K., Nikolaou, C. K., Papachristou, P., Koch, S., Panaousis, E., & Bonacina, S. (2021). Influence of human factors on cyber security within healthcare organisations: A systematic review. Sensors 2021, Vol. 21, Page 5119, 21(15), 5119. https://doi.org/10.3390/S21155119

Rutledge, C. M., O’Rourke, J., Mason, A. M., Chike-Harris, K., Behnke, L., Melhado, L., Downes, L., & Gustin, T. (2021). Telehealth competencies for nursing education and practice: The four P’s of telehealth. Nurse Educator, 46(5), 300. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNE.0000000000000988

Tervoort, T., De Oliveira, M. T., Pieters, W., Van Gelder, P., Olabarriaga, S. D., & Marquering, H. (2020). Solutions for mitigating cybersecurity risks caused by legacy software in medical devices: A scoping review. IEEE Access, 8, 84352–84361. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2984376

Zhou, L., Thieret, R., Watzlaf, V., Dealmeida, D., & Parmanto, B. (2019). A telehealth privacy and security self-assessment questionnaire for telehealth providers: Development and validation. International Journal of Telerehabilitation, 11(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.5195/IJT.2019.6276

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Question 


Create a 3-5 page annotated bibliography and summary based on your research related to best practices addressing a current healthcare problem or issue.

Annotated Bibliography and Summary - Healthcare Technologies

Annotated Bibliography and Summary – Healthcare Technologies

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Introduction
In your professional life, you will need to find credible evidence to support your decisions and your plans of action. You will want to keep abreast of best practices to help your organization adapt to the ever-changing healthcare environment. Being adept at research will help you find the information you need. For this assessment, you will research a healthcare problem or issue faced by current healthcare organizations.

Instructions
Note: The requirements outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the scoring guide. At a minimum, be sure to address each point. In addition, you are encouraged to review the performance-level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed.

For this assessment, research best practices related to a current health care problem. Your selected problem or issue will be utilized again in Assessment 4. To explore your chosen topic, you should use the first two steps of the Socratic Problem-Solving Approach to aid your critical thinking.

Select one of the health care problems or issues presented in the Assessment 02 Supplement: Applying Research Skills [PDF] Download Assessment 02 Supplement: Applying Research Skills [PDF]resource. Write a brief overview of the selected health care problem or issue. In your overview:
Summarize the health care problem or issue.
Describe the professional relevance of this topic.
Describe any professional experience you have with this topic.
Identify peer-reviewed articles relevant to this health care issue or problem.
Conduct a search for scholarly or academic peer-reviewed literature related to the topic and describe the criteria you used to search for articles, including the names of the databases you used. You will select four current scholarly or academic peer-reviewed journal articles published during the past 3–5 years that relate to your topic.
Refer to the NHS-FPX4000: Developing a Health Care Perspective Library Guide to help you locate appropriate references.
Use keywords related to the health care problem or issue you are researching to select relevant articles.
Assess the credibility and explain relevance of the information sources you find.
Determine if the source is from an academic peer-reviewed journal.
Determine if the publication is current.
Determine if information in the academic peer-reviewed journal article is still relevant.
Analyze academic peer-reviewed journal articles using the annotated bibliography organizational format. Provide a rationale for inclusion of each selected article. The purpose of an annotated bibliography is to document a list of references along with key information about each one. The detail about the reference is the annotation. Developing this annotated bibliography will create a foundation of knowledge about the selected topic. In your annotated bibliography:
Identify the purpose of the article.
Summarize the information.
Provide rationale for inclusion of each article.
Include the conclusions and findings of the article.
Write your annotated bibliography in a paragraph form. The annotated bibliography should be approximately 150 words (1–3 paragraphs) in length.
List the full reference for the source in APA format (author, date, title, publisher, et cetera) and use APA format for the annotated bibliography.
Make sure the references are listed in alphabetical order, are double-spaced, and use hanging indents.
Summarize what you have learned while developing an annotated bibliography.
Summarize what you learned from your research in a separate paragraph or two at the end of the paper.
List the main points you learned from your research.
Summarize the main contributions of the sources you chose and how they enhanced your knowledge about the topic.