Aggression and Prejudice

Aggression and Prejudice

There are multiple interrelated predictors of prejudice and aggression. For instance, Bandura et al. (1961) prove that prejudice and related aggressive behaviors are socially learned through observation. Stereotyping, according to Brewer (1999), is another major predictor of prejudice, hate, and aggression toward outgroups. Other predictors for prejudice and aggression are ingroup identity and the conflict that arises in differences among these groups, which fuel ingroup biases and outgroup negative presumptions and hate (Brewer, 1999). The perceptions of one group having moral superiority over another can also predict prejudice and outgroup hate (Brewer, 1999). Hate further predicts the occurrence of aggressive behaviors (Martínez et al., 2022).

Prejudice and aggression have some major similarities. Prejudice and aggression toward others develop through imitative learning (Bandura et al., 1961). Prejudice and aggression also adopt a feature of one group versus another group based on their differences. They both rely on outgroup stereotyping (Brewer, 1999). Additionally, prejudice and aggression are both fueled by outgroup hate (Martínez et al., 2022).

From a social-psychological perspective, prejudice and aggression can be reduced by understanding how ingroup identity and biases influence perception and behavior toward others (Brewer, 1999). This can help address the factors that predict the occurrence of these negative outgroup preconceptions and aggressive behaviors. Prejudice and aggression can also be reduced through comprehensive intergroup social education and by creating environments of positive intergroup socialization.

Various ethical implications arise from studying prejudice and aggression. For instance, the outcomes of the study may be biased due to personal beliefs and stereotypes toward a group or groups studied. The views leading to conclusions are also subjective, which means the study may lack ethical objectivity. Studying groups that are victims of prejudice and aggression may lead to further mental and emotional harm. Additionally, researchers need to obtain informed consent and maintain the confidentiality of the participants to avoid further harm.

References

Bandura, A., Ross, D., & Ross, S. A. (1961). Transmission of aggression through imitation of aggressive models. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 63(3), 575–582. https://doi.org/10.1037/H0045925

Brewer, M. B. (1999). The psychology of prejudice: Ingroup love or outgroup hate? Journal of Social Issues, 55(3), 429–444. https://doi.org/10.1111/0022-4537.00126

Martínez, C. A., van Prooijen, J. W., & Van Lange, P. A. M. (2022). A threat-based hate model: How symbolic and realistic threats underlie hate and aggression. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 103, 104393. https://doi.org/10.1016/

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PROMPT:
After reading the articles on aggression and prejudice, answer the following questions:
What are some of the key predictors of prejudice? What are some of the key predictors of aggression?

Aggression and Prejudice

What are the similarities between prejudice and aggression? What does the social psychological perspective tell us about the prospects for reducing prejudice or aggression? What ethical implications arise from the study of prejudice and aggression?

Use research from the Shapiro Library to support your claims.