Affordance and Intermodal Perception in Infants

Affordance and Intermodal Perception in Infants

The ecological approach to perception is that humans cannot separately perceive their motor skills and an object’s physical properties, but rather they directly register any opportunities of action provided by the object in accordance with their motor skills. This is known as affordance (Sando & Sandseter, 2020). In babies, affordance takes place when they are able to recognize any object’s ability, giving them the opportunity to do something. One example is when a child starts learning how to walk and tries to locate objects like chairs that they can use to support themselves as they stand up and provide stability while moving around. A second example is when a child plays with a ball. The child perceives that the toy affords them the opportunity to bounce around something, an action that is exciting to them. A third example is a slide; a slide affords a child the opportunity to slide down a sloppy surface. A very young infant may not perceive a sloppy surface as dangerous while walking on it normally; however, with experience, they learn, and their perception of surfaces changes, changing how they apply their motor skills to such surfaces.

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An example of an infant engaging in intermodal perception is when they are crying, and once they hear their mother speak, they immediately perk out and quiet down as they wait for their mother to pick them up and hold them. A second example of intermodal perception is when a child plays with a toy they are using. In this case, the toy produces a sound when shaken, but in this particular instance, the toy is damaged, and when the child shakes it, no sound comes out. Subsequently, the child gets confused and throws the toy away, no longer liking it, even if it was their favorite one. A third example of intermodal perception is a child rushing into the room when they hear the sound of their favorite shows, like CoComelon, playing on the television. The children in these three examples engage in intermodal perception by focusing on amodal information (Berk, 2022). Amodal information then creates a basis for detecting more specific intermodal matches, like the sound of their mother being held by them or the sound of CoComelon with their favorite program.

References

Berk, L. E. (2022). Development through the lifespan. Sage Publications.

Sando, O. J., & Sandseter, E. B. H. (2020). Affordances for physical activity and well-being in the ECEC outdoor environment. Journal of environmental psychology, 69, 101430.

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Directions: Choose two questions to answer from the list below. Each of your responses must be thoroughly answered addressing all facets of each question. The questions must be answered in paragraph form with a topic sentence that reflects the subject of each question. For example, there are three major contributions which have led to an increase of life expectancy. Finally, you must upload your responses.
1. Other than death or injury, list three reasons why caregivers should not indulge in shared
sleeping with children. Also, based on the reasons you listed, explain how each reason can adversely affect a child’s development.
2. According to the definition of affordance, give three examples of an infant demonstrating affordance. Also, explain each example.
3. List three examples of an infant using intermodal perception, and explain in detail how you know the infant is engaging in that type of perception.
4. List three examples of an infant using Perceptual–Motor Coupling, and explain in detail how you know the infant is engaging in that type of perception.