Critical Analysis of Research Validity- Article Interrogation

Critical Analysis of Research Validity- Article Interrogation

Article 1: “Romantic Red Revisited: Red Enhances Men’s Attraction to Young, but not Menopausal Women.”

Construct Validity

The goal of the article must be considered when considering whether the study quantifies what it purports to measure. The study’s goal is to show that red attracts males to young ladies rather than menopausal ones. The study took into account the color of the material and its attractiveness to women. The color was really the independent variable in this experiment, and the attractiveness of the female subject was indeed the dependent variable. Color effects on female beauty were established to measure the two factors. Male participants saw their female counterparts for about five seconds on each side. The experiment employed photos with a young versus an aged target and a white versus a red background (Schwarz & Singer, 2013). The study found that males preferred white backgrounds over red backgrounds. Because males preferred a red background in the experiment, construct validity was proven. Need help with your assignment ? Reach out to us. We offer excellent services.

Internal Validity

The article successfully achieved the aforementioned element because several hypothesized conclusions were established. The primary goal of the experiment at the time was to demonstrate that men were more fascinated with the color red than women. After more research was conducted, it appears that the color red was affiliated with younger women and a high level of sexual attractiveness. Aside from their skin tone, men found younger women to be more sexually attractive when compared to their older counterparts.

Furthermore, individuals with a red background appeared to be more sexually desirable than those with a blue background. It is clear from the results of the experiment above that the test generated many relationships between age, sexual attraction and color.  Younger women were regarded as more attractive despite the fact that the background was colored, whereas older women were considered to be less physically attractive. As a result, all of the relationships established during the test contribute to the material’s internal validity.

External Validity

Although this study had low external validity, the concepts articulated in the test did not endorse a broad ideology of notions of the red color and young women. When portraying the validity of an external experiment, several factors are taken into consideration, one of which is the population used in the experiment (Schwarz & Singer, 2013). In this particular instance, the test included only 120 entrants, and as a result, the sample is minimal and, therefore, does not accurately represent the views of the general public. The perceptions of red color, on the other hand, are perceived by a larger audience because, in many scenarios, a large section of the population associates the color with physical attractiveness. Furthermore, when compared to older women, younger women are regarded as more sexually attractive than older women.

Statistical Validity

During the study, many respondents agreed that red had a major impact on people’s opinions of sexual attractiveness. Regardless of race, most participants indicated that younger women are more appealing than older ones. The trial found that background color did not affect perceived sexual attractiveness. The red color also contributes to female sexual attractiveness. The experiment’s statistical validity is critical since it confirms that the red hue attracts younger ladies more than older females. The test data includes purposeful signals, such as when a woman wears a dress to impress a sexually interested partner.

Article 2: “Organizational Justice and Job Satisfaction as Predictors of Turnover Intentions among Teachers in the Offinso South District of Ghana.”

Construct Validity

Job satisfaction and organizational fairness were independent variables, while turnover intentions were dependent. Different measures were utilized for the three variables. For example, the administration justice index had 20 elements that determined how employees viewed fairness in their respective job categories. Job satisfaction, on the other extreme, was assessed using four items. The dependent variables scale was used to determine employee intent to leave. This included an intention to search, a desire to resign, and considering resigning. The experiment’s construct validity was higher due to the use of three separate scales to evaluate the significant variables.

Internal Validity

The experiment had a high level of internal validity since the independent variable demonstrated variations in the predictor variables that were observed. Job satisfaction among teachers, according to the experiment results, has a negative relationship with the motivations for quitting the profession. As a result, if teacher satisfaction is diminished, a greater number of teachers will be more likely to leave such institutions. Furthermore, if instructors are motivated, they are less likely to leave their jobs at a school (Addai et al., 2018). Organizational justice and teacher turnover intentions are two more topics that have an antagonistic relationship. For example, if teachers believe that organizational justice is being implemented, they will not feel compelled to resign their positions. In order to demonstrate that the study’s internal validity was successful, it is critical to examine the links formed between the three variables in question.

External Validity

The populace used teachers from the same location but different schools. Using teachers from the very same area but other schools is deliberate. The assignment’s findings indicate that teachers across various schools had diverse perspectives. Their replies revealed standard views on social justice, turnover, and work satisfaction. The notion that samples were used in the study verified its validity. There is no possibility the teachers might have come up with comparable answers. The use of both males and females boosted the material’s external legitimacy. The experiment yielded a variety of responses, which aided analysis and conclusions.

 Statistical Validity

The teacher’s number in that locality was believed to be roughly 300, and 120 people took part in the experiment in question. Only 114 people, on the other hand, returned their surveys for examination. The quantity of participants in the study is critical because nearly half of the overall teacher population was involved in the research. As a result, the article had an impact on how the issue was represented because the number of respondents was large enough to be aggregated as a significant concern over the entire Offinso-South District.

A considerable portion of the participants provided responses that demonstrated that work organizational and satisfaction justice are the most important factors influencing the likelihood of employees leaving their jobs ((Addai et al., 2018). Organizational justice and work satisfaction have negative relationships with the likelihood of leaving a career in the future. The conclusions are correct to a considerably greater extent because the surveys contained measurements from the scales used to quantify distinct factors. Since the values gained from the research improved statistical analysis, the experiment results validated the initial claim stated at the outset of the investigation, which was confirmed by the data.

 References

Schwarz, S., & Singer, M. (2013). Romantic red revisited: Red enhances men’s attraction to young but not menopausal women. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, (vol) 49(1), (pp)161-164

Addai, P., Kyeremeh, E., Abdulai, W., & Sarfo, J. O. (2018). Organizational Justice and Job Satisfaction as Predictors of Turnover Intentions among Teachers in the Offinso South District of Ghana. European Journal of Contemporary Education, (vol) 7(2), (pp)235-243.

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In 500-600 words for each article (1,000-1,200 words total), interrogate each of your articles from the Topic 5 Article Summary assignment using the four big validities. Work through the four big validities for each article, indicating whether the article does a good or bad job on each front. As you write, remember that you demonstrate mastery of this material! Show that you can ask questions about each of the four validities. Demonstrate that you know what the answers to these questions mean. Finally, show that you understand what it means to prioritize validities as you interrogate a study.

Critical Analysis of Research Validity- Article Interrogation

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