Qing Dynasty

Qing Dynasty

What political, economic, and social reforms were instituted by the Qing Dynasty during its final decade, and why were they not more successful in reversing the decline of Qing rule?

Historians believe the Qing dynasty to have been the final imperial dynasty in China that existed from 1644 to 1912. The Qing dynasty was an era that had a prosperous start but a tumultuous ending. The Qing dynasty represents the second time when the Han people did not rule China. Like other dynasties, the Qing dynasty had its own social, economic, and political reforms (Duiker, 2010).  Some of the reforms that the Qing dynasty instituted during its final decade were; first, to stabilize its political position, the Qing dynasty established the office responsible for supervising the overall plan of reforms and the appointment of the managers.

The reforms were threefold for reforms to the imperial government. It sets the direction of the reform, learning from Japan’s progress and implementing the constitutional monarchy. The dynasty established a reform in local administration, such as the Baojia system, which led to the establishment of the modern police system (Duiker, 2010). It established the central training command, an institution responsible for coordinating and training the national army. On education, the Qing dynasty converted the traditional academies into Western-style schools and abolished the imperial examinations. The dynasty also did judicial reforms by establishing a new code and judicial system (Duiker, 2010). It expanded the fiscal control system expanded the tax collection, and regularized what was commonly known as the Boxer indemnity, which was the payment requirements to foreign powers.

The Qing dynasty embarked on a raft of reforms during its last decades after sensing defeat, and thus, the reforms were meant to stabilize its rule and encourage the people to have faith in and support it. However, despite the many useful reforms, the Qing dynasty did not successfully reverse its declining influence (Duiker, 2010). One of the major reasons it did not reverse its declining rule was that the external powers were greater than its powers. Other powerful nations such as the U.S. and Japan had advanced militaries; hence the Qing dynasty could not dare resist their influence (Duiker, 2010).  Moreover, the U.S. introduced the open door policy continued to weaken the Qing dynasty rule.

References

Duiker, W. (2010). Contemporary world history. Wadsworth Cengage Learning

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Asian Studies: The Qing Dynasty

What political, economic, and social reforms were instituted by the Qing Dynasty during its final decade, and why were they not more successful in reversing the decline of Qing rule?

Qing Dynasty

Textbook:

Contemporary World History
William J. Duiker, 2021
Cengage
ISBN.13: 978-0-357-36486-4