Power and Its Role in Public Administration
Power is an individual’s capacity to influence other people’s behaviour by making them do something they would otherwise not do. There are different sources of power, including the position that an individual holds, for example, in an office. This type of power is known as legitimate power since it is gained through the formal position in a system’s hierarchy (Ran & Qi, 2019). Secondly, there is expert power, which is attained by possessing expertise or knowledge in a specific area and gives individuals high regard for other people and the capacity to influence them (Issac et al., 2022). Lastly, there is reward power, which is the capacity to influence others through rewards or by fulfilling other people’s needs, for instance, an employer promoting their employees to help motivate them (Feddersen et al., 2021). By definition, public administration is a government in action, for example, in policy-making, resource provision, controlling government operations, and budgetary planning, among others, all for the betterment of society.
As mentioned above, there are different types of power, and when it comes to public administration, individuals can use them to meet their agenda. For instance, if an individual has expert power, they can easily influence the implementation of policies because other people trust in their knowledge in a particular matter. According to Mangset & Asdal (2019), expert power, which they refer to as disciplinary power, is the most influential type of power in bureaucracy. Suppose an individual in public administration has legitimate power; then they have more influence on decisions like controlling government operations. The same case applies to reward power, whereby a public administrator can use rewards like promotions and hiring to employ individuals experienced in matters regarding bureaucracy in an effort to form an effective organization.
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References
Feddersen, N. B., Morris, R., Storm, L. K., Littlewood, M. A., & Richardson, D. J. (2021). A longitudinal study of power relations in a British olympic sport organization. Journal of Sport Management, 35(4), 312-324.
Issac, A. C., Bednall, T. C., Baral, R., Magliocca, P., & Dhir, A. (2022). The effects of expert power and referent power on knowledge sharing and knowledge hiding. Journal of Knowledge Management.
Mangset, M., & Asdal, K. (2019). Bureaucratic power in note‐writing: authoritative expertise within the state. The British journal of sociology, 70(2), 569-588.
Ran, B., & Qi, H. (2019). The entangled twins: Power and trust in collaborative governance. Administration & Society, 51(4), 607-636.
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Question
Write a journal discussing risk and return as it relates to investing in stocks.
Specifically, you must address the following rubric criteria:
• Investment Risk: Explain key risks associated with investing in stocks.
• Investment Return: Discuss events that can cause the price of a stock to increase or decrease.
• Risk-Return Relationship: Explain the relationship between risk and return and how this relationship affects stock-investment decisions. Use examples to support your claims.
• Reflection: Describe how you would make stock-investment decisions in your personal life. Also, talk about how your decision-making process might change if you need to make stock-investment decisions for a business.
What to Submit
Your submission should be a 4- to 5-paragraph Word document with 12-point Times New Roman font, double spacing, and one-inch margins. Sources should be cited according to APA style.