Ethical and Policy Factors in Care Coordination Script

Ethical and Policy Factors in Care Coordination Script

Hello and welcome to this PowerPoint presentation on ethical and policy factors in care coordination for mentally ill patients. In this presentation, we will review a local community organization and its inputs in mental health management. We will also discuss the role of the government in mental healthcare with an emphasis on specific federal legislation that regulates care provision in psychiatric care. Finally, we will discuss the role of nurses in mental healthcare and how nursing ethics guides nursing practices.

Introduction

Mental health illnesses remain a challenging health issue that requires immediate address. Best practices in mental health management focus on creating community awareness via outreach programs and community educational programs (Lake, 2017). Local community organizations are invaluable in this regard. Their role in providing community outreach and education programs to create mental health awareness underpins their significance. The National Alliance of Mental Illness, California, is an example of such a community organization. This group has been at the forefront of championing access to mental health care, providing quality mental health treatment, and providing support for individuals and families affected by mental illnesses.

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The Role of the Government

The federal government has continuously collaborated with state governments in addressing mental health issues. The government’s role in mental health includes supporting research and innovations on treatment strategies for mental health illnesses, regulating systems and healthcare providers offering mental healthcare, providing funds used in the management of mental health disorders, and protecting the rights of patients with mental illnesses. The federal government provides regulatory frameworks to which individual states can regulate their health practices involving mental health. The federal government has established several regulations and policies to address mental issues. Some of these legislations include HIPAA, ACA, and the Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act.

Government Legislation and Policies

Important legislation enacted by the federal government is targeted at establishing changes and providing oversight of mental health practices across states. These legislations cover a wide range of topics on mental health and are applicable to care institutions, schools, insurance companies, healthcare providers, and individuals. Important enactments include the ACA, the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), the Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act (MPHAEA), and the Rehabilitation Act. The ACA is championing access to mental healthcare for all Americans. This legislation ensures that all Americans, irrespective of their socioeconomic backgrounds, have access to mental health care. The ADA prohibits any form of care discrimination against members of society who are disabled. Accordingly, the MPHAEA requires that health insurance provide the same benefits for mental health illnesses as they do for medical/surgical care.

Federal Protection

The federal government also protects the rights of persons with mental health illnesses. People with mental health illnesses are protected by law from any form of abuse or discrimination in whichever setting they are in. The government prohibits abuse, sets privacy standards, and promotes civil liberties and social inclusion by fighting discrimination in schools, treatment facilities, and workplaces. The establishment of these standards came from the backdrop of societal disregard for mental health illnesses (Haileamlak, 2017). The government continues to provide support to those who need it. Legislation such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) is valuable in protecting mentally ill patients.

HIPAA

HIPPA is a federal regulation that creates standards for the protection of sensitive patient health information. This legislation prohibits sharing or utilizing patients’ health information without their informed consent. This legal provision aims to protect sensitive health information while allowing its flow during care provision processes. This information is important to community care groups that champion mental health awareness and care provision for this patient group (CDC, 2022). Their significance notwithstanding, their legally allowable scope of care provision does not stretch into patients’ private information. They should understand that patients’ private health data should remain confidential, and they should not use their role to obtain this data for other uses before getting informed consent from the patients.

The Federal Role in Funding and Research

The government is a major source of funds for mental health management. Medicaid, a federal program, is the largest financer for mental health illnesses. The government also funds mental health services covered under the Medicare program and the Department of Veterans Affairs. Various states also receive grants from the federal government to enable the infrastructural expansion of their mental health departments. In research activities on mental health, the government has maintained support for innovative research on treating these disorders. Federal agencies such as the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) and the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) spearhead research on mental health and report their findings to the public as a mental health education measure to create community awareness.

Policy Provisions that Raise Ethical Questions

State and local policies aim to provide care oversight in the respective states and localities. These policies define the standards of practice and address issues such as treatment facilities and medical records, among others. Policies on affordable care, HIPAA, and the Mental health care act may sometimes present ethical issues. The Affordable Care Act ensures access to mental healthcare. The Mental Health Care Act sets standards for mental healthcare provision, while the HIPAA defines standards for protecting sensitive patient health data. Despite being effective in safeguarding the safety of the patients, these policy provisions may present ethical challenges to the providers.

Consequences of Specific Policy Provision

The HIPAA privacy rule requires that all patients provide informed consent before sharing their sensitive health information. However, people with mental illnesses sometimes face issues in the consent process. These issues may be attributable to their competence in giving an informed consent since some mental illnesses cause significant cognitive impairment. The Affordable Care Act enhances access to mental health care. However, in the presence of operational challenges resulting from a scarcity of healthcare professionals or healthcare facilities offering mental health care, effective therapeutic outcomes may not be attained. The Mental Healthcare Act (MHA) provides standards for mental healthcare management. This act defines confidentiality and disclosure of a patient’s mental health information. However, sociodemographic variables may sometimes be present that may require a breach of confidentiality and disclosure of information (Ahmad Malla & Mohammad Bhat, 2018). An example is a case of a couple who wants to get married and is seeking advice on conception. The caregiver may have to disclose this information.

Code of Ethics for Nursing

The nursing code of ethics describes standards that regulate nursing practice and assist them in their clinical decision-making process. The four ethical principles of beneficence, nonmaleficence, justice, and autonomy define the nursing practice. Autonomy acknowledges patients’ right to their health information and requires them to give informed consent before sharing vital health information. Beneficence requires that the nurse does well, while nonmaleficence requires that the nurse does not harm their patients. Provision from these ethical codes is valuable in the care continuum for mental healthcare. These codes enable nurses to make informed decisions when handling these patients (Gaines, 2022). In addition, with complexities in their presentation and the ethical challenges that they present, these ethical provisions will enable them to navigate these challenges.

Factors for Health, Health Disparity, and Access to Care

The health of communities is a key indicator of well-being. Contributory factors to healthy communities include access to healthcare, a healthy diet, proper hygiene, physical activity, adequate sleep, and minimal drug and substance use. Individual sleep and work environments should also be safe and free from health risks. Health disparity refers to health disparities linked to socioeconomic and environmental disadvantages. Factors contributing to health disparity include geographical location, gender, age, disability, sexual identity, and socioeconomic status. Access to care is the ability of community members to receive basic healthcare. Factors contributing to access to healthcare include geographical location, socioeconomic status, disability status, insurance coverage, race, and ethnicity (CDC, 2022). Community organizations are targeted at enhancing access to care, promoting the health of communities, and reducing health disparities in society.

Social Determinants of Health

The social determinants of health are described in Healthy People 2020 as environmental conditions in which an individual works, was born, and brought up. The social determinants of health include healthcare, education, food, economic stability, and an individual’s neighborhood and physical environment. Healthy People 2020 outlines the social determinants of health as contributing factors to an individual’s social well-being. It reinforces the need to address the social determinant of health as a measure of keeping individuals and their communities healthy (CDC, 2022). It also outlines the responsibilities of the government and the communities in addressing the social determinants of health outlined above.

Summary

In summary, mental health illnesses remain a challenge in the United States. Despite their high prevalence, these disorders are yet to receive the attention they deserve. Community organizations play a significant role in the preliminary management of these disorders. Their roles in creating community awareness, supporting patients with these disorders, and enhancing access to treatment make them valuable in mental health care. Government policies and regulations are also important in mental health management. The government funds protect and support patients and healthcare organizations handling mental health care. Individual states are also involved in the oversight of care provisions within their jurisdictions. The nurses as care providers and handlers of these disorders also maintain importance in this regard. Their practice should, however, be ethical to ensure optimal care.

References

Ahmad Malla, A., & Mohammad Bhat, N. (2018). Ethics in Psychiatric Research: Issues and Recommendations. International Journal Of Indian Psychology, 3(4). https://doi.org/10.25215/0304.218

Bipeta, R. (2019). Legal and Ethical Aspects of Mental Health Care. Indian Journal Of Psychological Medicine, 41(2), 108-112. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijpsym.ijpsym_59_19

(CDC, 2022). Retrieved 18 May 2022, from https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/publications/topic/hipaa.html.

(CDC, 2022). Retrieved 18 May 2022, from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/healthy_people/hp2020.htm.

Haileamlak, A. (2017). Mental health disorders: the deserted illnesses. Ethiopian Journal Of Health Sciences, 27(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v27i1.1

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA). (2022). Retrieved 31 May 2022, from https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/publications/topic/hipaa.html.

Lake, J. (2017). Urgent Need for Improved Mental Health Care and a More Collaborative Model of Care. The Permanente Journal. https://doi.org/10.7812/tpp/17-024

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Select a community organization or group that you feel would be interested in learning about ethical and policy issues that affect the coordination of care. Then, develop and record a 10-12-slide, 20-minute presentation with audio intended for that audience. Create a detailed narrative script or speaker notes for your presentation, 4-5 pages in length.

Introduction

As coordinators of care, nurses must be aware of the code of ethics for nurses and health policy issues that affect the coordination of care within the context of the community. To help patients navigate the continuum of care, nurses must be proficient at interpreting and applying the code of ethics for nurses and health policy, specifically, the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Being knowledgeable about ethical and policy issues helps ensure that care coordinators are upholding ethical standards and navigating policy issues that affect patient care.

This assessment provides an opportunity for you to develop a presentation for a local community organization of your choice, which provides an overview of ethical standards and relevant policy issues that affect the coordination of care. Completing this assessment will strengthen your understanding of ethical issues and policies related to the coordination and continuum of care and will empower you to be a stronger advocate and nursing professional.

It would be an excellent choice to complete the Vila Health: Ethical Decision-Making activity prior to developing the presentation. The activity provides a helpful update on the ethical principles that will help with the success of this assessment.

Preparation

Your nurse manager at the community care center is well-connected and frequently speaks to a variety of community organizations and groups. She has noticed the good work you are doing in your new care coordination role and respects your speaking and presentation skills. Consequently, she thought that an opportunity to speak publicly about contemporary issues in care coordination would be beneficial for your career and has suggested reaching out to a community organization or support group to gauge their interest in hearing from you as a care center representative on a topic of interest to both you and your prospective audience.

You have agreed that this is a good idea and have decided to research a community organization or support group that might be interested in learning about ethical and policy issues related to the coordination of care. Your manager has suggested the following community organizations and support groups but acknowledges that the choice is yours.

Homeless shelters.
Local religious groups.
Nursing homes.
Local community organizations (Rotary Club or Kiwanis Club).
To prepare for this assessment, you may wish to:

Research your selected community organization or support group.
Review the Code of Ethics for Nurses With Interpretive Statements and associated health policy issues, specifically the ACA.
Review the assessment instructions and scoring guide to ensure you understand the work you will be asked to complete.
Allocate sufficient time to rehearse your presentation before recording the final version for submission.
Note: Remember that you can submit all, or a portion of, your draft presentation to Smarthinking Tutoring for feedback before you submit the final version for this assessment. If you plan on using this free service, be mindful of the turnaround time of 24-48 hours for receiving feedback.

Recording Equipment Setup and Testing
Check that your audio speaker and PowerPoint software are working properly. You can record audio directly to your slides using PowerPoint or other presentation software.

Note: Technical support about the use of PowerPoint, including voice recording and speaker notes, can be found on Campus’s Microsoft Office Software page.

If using Kaltura, refer to the Using Kaltura tutorial for directions on recording and uploading your presentation in the courseroom.
Note: If you require the use of assistive technology or alternative communication methods to participate in this activity, please contact DisabilityServices@capella.edu to request accommodations.

Instructions

For this assessment:

Choose the community organization or support group that you plan to address.
Develop a PowerPoint with typed speaker notes (the script for your voice recording) and audio voice-over recording, intended for that audience. Video is not required.
Note: PowerPoint has a feature to type the speaker notes directly into the presentation. You are encouraged to use that feature or you may choose to submit a separate document. See Microsoft Office Software for technical support about the use of PowerPoint, including voice recording and speaker notes.

For this assessment, develop your presentation slides and speaker notes, then record your presentation. You are not required to deliver your presentation to an actual audience.

Presentation Format and Length
You may use PowerPoint (recommended) or other suitable presentation software to create your slides and add your voice over. If you elect to use an application other than PowerPoint, check with your faculty to avoid potential file compatibility issues.

Be sure that your slide deck includes the following slides:

Title slide.
Presentation title.
Your name.
Date.
Course number and title.
References (at the end of your presentation).
Your slide deck should consist of 10-12 slides, not including a title and references slide with typed speaker notes and audio voice over. Your presentation should not exceed 20 minutes.

Create a detailed narrative script for your presentation, approximately 4-5 pages in length.

Supporting Evidence
Cite 3-5 credible sources from peer-reviewed journals or professional industry publications to support your presentation. Include your source citations on a references page appended to your narrative script.

Grading Requirements
The requirements outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the Ethical and Policy Factors in Care Coordination Scoring Guide, so be sure to address each point. Read the performance-level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed.

Explain how governmental policies related to the health and/or safety of the community affect the coordination of care.
Provide examples of a specific policy affecting the organization or group.
Refer to the assessment resources for help in locating relevant policies.
Be sure influential policies include the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA).
Identify national, state, and local policy provisions that raise ethical questions or dilemmas for care coordination.
What are the implications and consequences of specific policy provisions?
What evidence do you have to support your conclusions?
Assess the impact of the code of ethics for nurses on the coordination and continuum of care.
Consider the factors that contribute to health, health disparities, and access to services.
Consider the social determinants of health identified in Healthy People 2020 as a framework for your assessment.
Provide evidence to support your conclusions.
Communicate key ethical and policy issues in a presentation affecting the coordination and continuum of care for a selected community organization or support group. Either speaker notes or audio voice-over are included for a proficient score; both speaker notes and the audio voice over are included for a distinguished score.
Present a concise overview.
Support your main points and conclusions with relevant and credible evidence.

Additional Requirements
Before submitting your assessment, proofread your presentation slides and speaker notes to minimize errors that could distract readers and make it more difficult for them to focus on the substance of your presentation.

Portfolio Prompt: Save your presentation to your ePortfolio. Submissions to the ePortfolio will be part of your final Capstone course.

Competencies Measured

By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the course competencies through the following assessment scoring guide criteria:

Competency 4: Defend decisions based on the code of ethics for nursing.
Assess the impact of the code of ethics for nurses on the coordination and continuum of care.
Competency 5: Explain how health care policies affect patient-centered care.
Explain how governmental policies related to the health and/or safety of a community affect the coordination of care.
Identify national, state, and local policy provisions that raise ethical questions or dilemmas for care coordination.
Competency 6: Apply professional, scholarly communication strategies to lead patient-centered care.
Communicate key ethical and policy issues in a presentation affecting the coordination and continuum of care for a selected community organization or support group. Either speaker notes or audio voice-over are included.