Electronic Health Records Annotated Bibliography

Introduction

Quality clinical systems are critical in enhancing the quality and efficiency of the healthcare industry. Healthcare professionals must collaborate to develop proper clinical systems to revitalize their service delivery. Incorporating evidence-based strategies, healthcare technology, and clinical systems can enhance healthcare quality, patient outcomes, and efficiencies in the healthcare delivery industry. Clinical systems can enhance healthcare services, provide quality care, improve healthcare efficiencies, and conduct research to improve healthcare outcomes. Electronic health records (EHRs) are clinical systems that can improve healthcare outcomes and efficiencies.

Annotated Bibliography

of the literature. Journal of Medical Systems, 42(11). https://doi.org/10. Kruse, C. S., Stein, A., Thomas, H., & Kaur, H. (2018). The use of electronic health records to support population health: A systematic review 1007/s10916-018-1075-6

Electronic health records (EHRs) are healthcare technologies that improve healthcare efficiency and quality and reduce healthcare disparities (Kruse et al., 2018). EHRs have sometimes led to medical errors. Kruse et al. (2018) conducted a systematic review to evaluate whether the use of EHRs can improve the health of populations and identify the key facilitators and inhibitors to the use of EHRs. The authors found that the facilitators of EHRs include improved efficiency and productivity, increased data management, enhanced healthcare quality, increased surveillance, and enhanced preventive care (Kruse et al., 2018). The barriers to the implementation of EHRs include missing patient data, no standards, loss of productivity, and complexity of the technology (Kruse et al., 2018).

This study result reveals that implementing EHRs improves service delivery and incorporation of preventive healthcare into patient care plans. This improves healthcare outcomes. Implementing EHRs in the ICU reduces mortality rates and central-line-associated infections (Kruse et al., 2018). EHRs aids in the care coordination and implementation of patient-centered care. Through EHRs, access to patient information is secure, which increases productivity and quality of care. EHR systems can help to manage lifestyle conditions such as hypertension and diabetes. Regular application of EHRs can reduce data fragmentation, which improves care continuity among healthcare providers if they choose to participate in healthcare information exchange. Furthermore, the application of EHRs in the emergency department enhances the clinical decision-making process, which reduces the cost and improves healthcare quality (Kruse et al., 2018).

According to this article, EHRs improve the quality of care and improve efficiencies. EHRs reduce human errors by eliminating pen and paper. The EHR is thus a critical clinical system that can improve the efficiency of the healthcare delivery system, reduce human errors, improve health quality, and enhance efficiencies.

Selvaraj, S., Fonarow, G. C., Sheng, S., Matsouaka, R. A., DeVore, A. D., Heidenreich, P. A., Hernandez, A. F., Yancy, C. W., & Bhatt, D. L. (2018). Association of electronic health record use with quality of care and outcomes in heart failure: An analysis of get with the guidelines—Heart failure. Journal of the American Heart Association, 7(7). https://doi.org/10.1161/jaha.117.008158

The use of EHR systems has increased in the United States. Hitech was enacted in 2011 to promote the correct use of healthcare information technology. One factor that has driven its implementation is the Health Information Technology for Economic Clinical Health Act (HITECH). Under HITECH, healthcare providers were offered financial incentives for adopting EHR systems. This act outlined numerous EHR benefits, such as enhanced care coordination, reduced healthcare disparities, and reduced medication errors (Selvaraj et al., 2018). Selvaraj et al. (2018) conducted a study to determine whether the adoption of the EHR system in heart failure patients can reduce readmissions and enhance the quality of care. Despite the numerous theoretical benefits of adopting EHR systems, this article revealed no associated increase in quality of care with the use of EHRs in heart failure patients. EHR did not reduce readmission rates or have any meaningful impact on patient outcomes (Selvaraj et al., 2018).

This article has revealed that even though EHR has theoretical benefits, its application alone in heart failure patients may not be enough to improve healthcare outcomes and reduce readmission rates. It is thus important that healthcare professionals implement other interventions, such as patient monitoring and education, to improve healthcare outcomes in patients with heart failure.

De Benedictis, A., Lettieri, E., Gastaldi, L., Masella, C., Urgu, A., & Tartaglini, D. (2020). Electronic medical records implementation in hospital: An empirical investigation of individual and organizational determinants. PLOS ONE, 15(6), e0234108. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234108

Implementing EHRs in hospitals is still an unsolved issue for many hospital managers. De Benedictis et al. (2020) note that EHRs have been considered a vital factor in enhancing patient safety and quality of healthcare, reducing adverse healthcare events for patients, reducing healthcare costs, optimizing healthcare processes, enhancing clinical research, and ensuring the best clinical performances. They conducted a study that combined individual and institutional factors to explain the determinants that inhibit or trigger the implementation of EHRs and the variables that hospital managers can utilize to guide healthcare professionals’ behaviors.

De Benedictis et al. (2020) revealed that EHRs would positively impact healthcare quality, effectiveness, and efficiency. The data for this study was collected by administering surveys to nurses and physicians. The study results revealed that nurses and physicians expect EHRs to have many benefits. It will improve communication between healthcare professionals, tutoring, teaching, and research. EHRs can also allow hospital managers to have greater control of their units. The results also revealed the relationship between individual and institutional factors. Normative determinants directly impact perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and intention to use EHRs (De Benedictis et al., 2020). Data analysis revealed that key factors influencing the intention to use EHRs were peer influence (normative factors and perceived usefulness (individual factors). Perceived usefulness served as a mediator between intention to use EHRs and normative factors (De Benedictis et al., 2020). Hospital managers can thus leverage the end-users to motivate and implement EHRs.

The article revealed that EHRs have many benefits, including improved interprofessional collaboration, enhanced healthcare research, improved patient safety, and enhanced healthcare quality. It also revealed factors that promote and limit the adoption of EHRs in clinical settings. Hospital managers must thus be aware of the factors that promote EHR adoption to ensure they achieve maximum benefits from them.

Selvaraj, S., Fonarow, G. C., Sheng, S., Matsouaka, R. A., DeVore, A. D., Heidenreich, P. A., Hernandez, A. F., Yancy, C. W., & Bhatt, D. L. (2018). Association of electronic health record use with quality of care and outcomes in heart failure: An analysis of get with the guidelines—Heart failure. Journal of the American Heart Association, 7(7). https://doi.org/10.1161/jaha.117.008158

EHRs improve the quality and efficiency of healthcare. Schopf et al. (2019) note that many functionalities have been added to enhance clinical decision-making and interprofessional collaboration between healthcare personnel. Since there is limited evidence on the usefulness of the added functionalities, they conducted a study to investigate how well the EHRs support doctors in performing basic medical tasks. They analyzed 402 filled questionnaire responses from Norwegian physicians.

The study results revealed that 72% of physicians reported that their work was interrupted due to crashes or hung at least once weekly, while 22% reported crashes daily (Schopf et al., 2019). More than half of the respondents revealed that EHRs are cumbersome to utilize and add to their workload. Most physicians manage tests, such as requesting diagnostic tests, interpreting diagnostic rests, and managing electrocardiograms and radiological investigations. They were, however, less satisfied with referral management. The physicians were highly satisfied with some of the clinical decision-support functionalities, such as prescribing medications. There were alerts on drug allergies and interactions, which were automatically displayed (Schopf et al., 2019). They were, however, less satisfied with other functionalities of prescribing drugs, such as an overview of ongoing medication therapy.

The article revealed that EHRs improve the efficiency of care, reduce medication errors, and increase healthcare quality. However, the physicians in the survey noted that certain functionalities in EHRs should be improved to support effective clinical workflow support. Even though EHRs improve the quality of care, hospital managers should ensure that the systems function effectively to improve physicians’ workflow.

Conclusion

Clinical systems like EHRs have been proven to enhance healthcare outcomes, effectiveness, and efficiency. All the studies in this annotated bibliography revealed that EHRs improve healthcare outcomes by reducing medication errors, promoting care coordination, and enhancing documentation. EHRs improve efficiency by promoting interprofessional collaboration and communication between healthcare professionals. They also reduce healthcare costs and save time. Schopf et al. (2019) noted that even though EHRs improve care quality, it is important to optimize their functionality to ensure healthcare professionals use them effectively. Hospital managers must also be aware of the factors that promote or limit the implementation of EHRs. This will help them to motivate their workers to adopt EHRs.

References

De Benedictis, A., Lettieri, E., Gastaldi, L., Masella, C., Urgu, A., & Tartaglini, D. (2020). Electronic medical records implementation in hospital: An empirical investigation of individual and organizational determinants. PLOS ONE, 15(6), e0234108. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234108

Kruse, C. S., Stein, A., Thomas, H., & Kaur, H. (2018). The use of electronic health records to support population health: A systematic review of the literature. Journal of Medical Systems, 42(11). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-018-1075-6

Schopf, T. R., Nedrebø, B., Hufthammer, K. O., Daphu, I. K., & Lærum, H. (2019). How well is the electronic health record supporting the clinical tasks of hospital physicians? A survey of physicians at three Norwegian hospitals. BMC Health Services Research, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4763-0

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Question

New technology—and the application of existing technology—only appears in healthcare settings after careful and significant research. The stakes are high, and new clinical systems need to offer evidence of a positive impact on outcomes or efficiencies.

Electronic Health Records Annotated Bibliography

Nurse informaticists and healthcare leaders formulate clinical system strategies. As these strategies are often based on technology trends, informaticists, and others have then benefited from consulting existing research to inform their thinking.

In this Assignment, you will review existing research focused on the application of clinical systems. After reviewing, you will summarize your findings.

To Prepare:

Review the Resources and reflect on the impact of clinical systems on outcomes and efficiencies within the context of nursing practice and healthcare delivery.
Conduct a search for recent (within the last 5 years) research focused on the application of clinical systems. The research should provide evidence to support the use of one type of clinical system to improve outcomes and/or efficiencies, such as “the use of personal health records or portals to support patients newly diagnosed with diabetes.”
Identify and select 4 peer-reviewed research articles from your research.
For information about annotated bibliographies, visit https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/assignments/annotatedbibliographies
The Assignment: (4-5 pages, not including the title and reference page)

In a 4- to 5-page paper, synthesize the peer-reviewed research you reviewed. Format your Assignment as an Annotated Bibliography. Be sure to address the following:

Identify the 4 peer-reviewed research articles you reviewed, citing each in APA format.
Include an introduction explaining the purpose of the paper.
Summarize each study, explaining the improvement to outcomes, efficiencies, and lessons learned from the application of the clinical system each peer-reviewed article described. Be specific and provide examples.
In your conclusion, synthesize the findings from the 4 peer-reviewed research articles.
Use APA format and include a title page.
Use the Safe Assign Drafts to check your match percentage before submitting your work.

Electronic Health Records Annotated Bibliography