Patient, Family, or Population Health Problem Solution

Patient, Family, or Population Health Problem Solution

Summary of the Patient, Family, or Population problem

Hypertension is a lifestyle disease that has a high prevalence in the United States and globally. Many people are leading sedentary lifestyles, which has increased the cases of hypertension. This is a major healthcare issue that should be addressed due to increased mortality and morbidity rates. It has significant financial implications for the patient and healthcare delivery industry. Most patients with hypertension are not managed well, which has resulted in poor healthcare outcomes. In this case scenario, the patient is a 70-year-old African American. He is named Daniels. He is married with two children. The patient has a medical history of obesity, uncontrolled diabetes, and coronary artery disease. He is a chronic smoker and excessively uses alcohol. The patient recently suffered a stroke that paralyzed his left side of the body. The patient has a sedentary lifestyle. He does not exercise and eats an unhealthy diet. The patient’s hypertension is not controlled.  It is important to develop effective strategies to prevent hypertension and enhance patient outcomes. The proposed intervention is health education for patients on hypertension prevention and management.

Significance of the Problem

The prevalence rate of hypertension in the United States is extremely high. Nearly 47% of adults in the United States have hypertension (CDC, 2020). These numbers keep increasing every year. Hypertension is linked with high mortality and morbidity rates in the United States. In 2019, more than half a million deaths were related to hypertension (CDC, 2020). This condition is also expensive to manage. It increases healthcare costs for the patients and the healthcare delivery industry. Patients with hypertension spend close to 2000 USD higher in healthcare expenditures than patients without hypertension annually (Kirkland et al., 2018). Despite evidence-based management protocols, hypertension is still poorly managed

The project will aim to address the root cause of hypertension and the possible solutions to this problem. It will involve developing strategies to prevent hypertension and effectively manage it. This project will provide data, resources, and technology that healthcare organizations can use to help manage hypertension effectively. This project will lower hypertension cases. It will also reduce mortality and morbidity cases related to hypertension. Furthermore, it will improve healthcare outcomes and enhance the quality of care in hypertension. Health education on hypertension is the proposed intervention that can be utilized by healthcare organizations and the government to solve the problem.

The Role of Leadership and Change Management in Addressing Hypertension

Leadership roles such as supervising, directing, and budgeting are critical in addressing hypertension. Leadership must ensure that the project of the patient is successfully implemented and evaluated. Leaders can serve as role models who will educate patients (Ayeleke et al., 2018). Leaders should also encourage and motivate their staff and encourage them to conduct research to help manage hypertension. Leaders should drive changes to ensure that nurses effectively implement patient organization and achieve the goals of this project (Ayeleke et al., 2018). In the healthcare delivery industry, change is inevitable. Change management will help address this problem. Barriers to implementing patient education can be resistance by the patient. Other barriers will include high training costs and language barriers. Change management will address these barriers, resulting in the successful implementation of the project (Harrison et al., 2021). Leadership and change management will be critical in the successful implementation of patient education to solve the problem.

 Influence of Leadership and Change Management Strategies on The Development of Patient Education

The intervention proposed is patient education on hypertension. Leadership and change management were critical in the development of this intervention. Care coordination and effective communication are necessary to provide quality healthcare services (Droz et al., 2019). The proposed intervention will require effective care coordination and communication between patients and nurses. Multidisciplinary collaboration will be required in the implementation of this project. The proposed intervention will aim to improve patient literacy on hypertension. The cost of implementing this project was also considered before proposing it.

How Nursing Ethics Informed the Development of the Proposed Intervention

Ethical principles guide nurses in safe implementation of patient-centered care, which considers patients’ values, beliefs, and principles. Nurses should be guided by ethical principles of autonomy, confidentiality, non-maleficence, and beneficence when educating patients on hypertension (Milliken, 2018). Patient education was proposed as an intervention since it is safe, cheap, and can be tailor-made to meet patient needs. This intervention will enhance patient outcomes and will benefit the patient more. This intervention also respects patient autonomy and confidentiality.

Strategies for Communicating and Collaborating with the Patient, Family, or Group to Improve Outcomes Associated with Hypertension

Effective communication among the patient, the patient’s family, and healthcare professionals is critical in managing hypertension. Hypertension management focuses on lifestyle modifications such as a healthy diet, physical activity, tobacco smoking minimization, and alcohol consumption (Hong & Shan, 2021). These interventions should be communicated to the patient in a simple language that he can understand. Both audio and visual communication strategies should be used to enhance patient engagement. Patients, family members, and healthcare professionals should be involved to provide feedback that can be used to improve patient education. The communication on physical activity, self-management, and nutrition should be simple and clear. The patient and family members should be motivated. This will enhance coordination and effective communication. Furthermore, feedback and evaluation of the program are effective in improving the teaching process. Feedback will help prioritize specific patient needs and implement patient-centered care.

Benefits of Gathering Family Input to Improve Care Associated with the Problem

The best strategy for managing hypertension is encouraging self-management. This can be achieved through patient education on nutrition and lifestyle modifications (Li et al., 2020). Family support and input is critical in effective remote management and monitoring of hypertension. Involving the family will help in identifying the patient’s socioeconomic status and help in implementing cost-effective interventions. Family input can help in developing the best nutritional habits for hypertensive patients. Families can also help to provide the tools required for hypertension management. Involving the patient’s family in the patient’s education will help in better planning. Involving patients and families in decision-making will reduce conflicts and promote better adherence (Krist et al., 2017). This will also promote the ethical role of patients and their family members in the clinical decision-making process.

How State Board Nursing Practice Standards and/or Organizational or Governmental Policies Guided the Development of the Proposed Intervention

State board nursing practice standards guide nurses on the management of hypertension. Nurses must work within their scope of practice to help improve the quality of healthcare services. Nursing practice standards provide guidelines on nursing education, licensure, and certifications (Minnesota Board of Nursing, 2021). Nurses who are well-educated have the knowledge and skills to teach patients about hypertension management. The nursing scope of practice also requires them to act as patient educators on various healthcare conditions. As educators, nurses can educate patients on the management of hypertension. Nursing standards guide nurses in the implementation of ethical care. Patient education is safe and adheres to all ethical principles. The Affordable Care Act is a policy that was implemented to reduce healthcare costs, improve accessibility, and improve the quality of care (McIntyre & Song, 2019). This act advocates for the implementation of value-based care. This act will thus promote self-management of hypertension and reduce healthcare costs.

How the Proposed Intervention Will Improve the Quality of Care, Enhance Patient Safety, and Reduce Costs to the System and Individual

Patient education will enhance the quality of care both at home and in hospitals. Patient education on hypertension will enhance self-management, such as implementing lifestyle modifications (Li et al., 2020). Patient education will help patients become physically active, adhere to hypertensive medications, and lead an active life to improve blood pressure readings. Patient education on nutrition will improve their nutritional management. Through interdisciplinary collaboration, healthcare professionals can share ideas on the best way of managing hypertension (Droz et al., 2019). Patient education will improve the literacy levels of the patient on hypertension. This will improve adherence and hence help in the effective management of hypertension.

How Technology, Care Coordination, and the Utilization of Community Resources can be Applied in Addressing the Problem

Technologies such as electronic health records, telemedicine, and wearables can help to enhance the quality of care given to hypertensive patients. Electronic health records ensure that healthcare professionals have patient medical information that can be used to improve the quality of care (Schopf et al., 2019). This patient information can also be used to assess the clinical decisions on the best strategies for managing hypertension. Telemedicine can be used in remote patient monitoring and patient education (Omboni et al., 2016). This will reduce healthcare costs and improve patient engagement. Improved patient engagement will result in better self-management. These technologies enhance patient self-reliance, which will result in better control of hypertension. In addition to these, they will reduce hospital visits and, hence, the cost of healthcare services related to hypertension.

Care coordination and the use of community resources are critical in addressing the burden of hypertension. Socioeconomic factors of communities affect the control of hypertension. It is thus critical to implement proper care coordination and effectively use community resources to manage hypertension. Proper coordination will involve looking for gyms, transport, accommodation, farmers’ markets, and hospitals to ensure proper management of hypertension. A good relationship between the patient, nurses, and community leaders will help educate the community on hypertension. Nurses can use schools and churches in the community to educate patients on non-pharmacological interventions to manage hypertension.  The patients can also be referred to websites such as the American Heart Association, which will offer more information on hypertension management.

References

Ayeleke, R. O., Dunham, A., North, N., & Wallis, K. (2018). The concept of leadership in the health care sector. Leadership. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.76133

CDC. (2020, September 8). Facts about hypertension. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/bloodpressure/facts.htm

Droz, M., Senn, N., & Cohidon, C. (2019). Communication, continuity, and coordination of care are the most important patient’ values for family medicine in a fee-for-service health system. BMC Family Practice, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-018-0895-2

Harrison, R., Fischer, S., Walpola, R. L., Chauhan, A., Babalola, T., Mears, S., & Le-Dao, H. (2021). Where do models for change management, improvement, and implementation meet? A systematic review of the applications of change management models in healthcare. Journal of Healthcare Leadership, 13, 85-108. https://doi.org/10.2147/jhl.s289176

Hong, D., & Shan, W. (2021). Improvement in hypertension management with pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches: Current perspectives. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 27(4), 548-555. https://doi.org/10.2174/1381612826666200922153045

Kirkland, E. B., Heincelman, M., Bishu, K. G., Schumann, S. O., Schreiner, A., Axon, R. N., Mauldin, P. D., & Moran, W. P. (2018). Trends in healthcare expenditures among US adults with hypertension: National estimates, 2003–2014. Journal of the American Heart Association, 7(11). https://doi.org/10.1161/jaha.118.008731

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*Capstone Project Assignment 4*
Develop an intervention (your capstone project), as a solution to the patient, family, or population problem you’ve defined. Submit the proposed intervention to the faculty for review and approval. This solution needs to be implemented (shared) with your patient, family, or group. You are not to share your intervention with your patient, family, or group or move on to Assessment 5 before your faculty reviews/approves the solution you submit in Assessment 4. In a separate written deliverable, write a 5-7 page analysis of your intervention.

Patient, Family, or Population Health Problem Solution

Please submit both your solution/intervention and the 5-7 page analysis to complete Assessment 4.

Introduction
In your first three assessments, you applied new knowledge and insight gleaned from the literature, from organizational data, and from direct consultation with the patient, family, or group (and perhaps with subject matter and industry experts) to your assessment of the problem. You’ve examined the problem from the perspectives of leadership, collaboration, communication, change management, policy, quality of care, patient safety, costs to the system and individual, technology, care coordination, and community resources. Now it’s time to turn your attention to proposing an intervention (your capstone project), as a solution to the problem.

Preparation
In this assessment, you’ll develop an intervention as a solution to the health problem you’ve defined. To prepare for the assessment, think about an appropriate intervention, based on your work in the preceding assessments, that will produce tangible, measurable results for the patient, family, or group. In addition, you might consider using a root cause analysis to explore the underlying reasons for a problem and as the basis for developing and implementing an action plan to address the problem. Some appropriate interventions include the following:

Creating an educational brochure.
Producing an educational voice-over PowerPoint presentation or video focusing on your topic.
Creating a teaching plan for your patient, family, or group.
Recommending work process or workflow changes addressing your topic.
Plan to spend at least 3 direct practicum hours working with the same patient, family, or group.