Understanding Differential, Opportunity, and Sunk Costs for Effective Business Decision-Making
I believe a firm should have a reasonable grasp of the three cost concepts: differential, opportunity, and sunk costs. Essentially, this is so because these costs have an impact on the decision-making process and overall business performance (Rashid et al., 2020). To start with, differential cost is an important concept for any firm to grasp because it helps the decision-makers compare various available options. It connotes the difference in value between two or more options that the firm might be considering. If the differential cost is less, any of the options can be adopted. However, if the differential cost is significant, the option with lesser cost implication will be adopted (Warren et al., 2020). An example of such a decision relates to whether to produce a component indoors or outsource its production. It would be better to produce the product indoors if the cost of outsourcing has a significant positive difference when the two are compared.
Regarding the opportunity cost, firms require a comprehensive understanding of this concept because opportunities are not meant to be missed. For a firm that is seeking to remain profitable, it should continually consider the opportunity cost of certain investment options. According to Hiromoto (2019), opportunity cost is the price that is forgone to afford a specific opportunity. Understanding this concept will help a firm not to forgo important investment options that could generate income for them. However, the same cannot be said regarding sunk costs. Sunk costs are historical in nature and refer to expenses that were incurred in the past. For this reason, sunk costs are irrelevant. Nevertheless, there is a need to understand sunk costs to acquire important lessons that will influence future decisions on expenditure.
References
Hiromoto, T. (2019). Restoring the relevance of management accounting. In Management Control Theory (pp. 273-288). Routledge.
Rashid, M. M., Ali, M. M., & Hossain, D. M. (2020). Strategic management accounting practices: a literature review and opportunity for future research. Asian Journal of Accounting Research, 6(1), 109-132.
Warren, C. S., Jones, J. P., & Tayler, W. B. (2020). Financial and managerial accounting. Cengage Learning, Inc..
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Question 
Understanding Differential, Opportunity, and Sunk Costs
Do you believe a firm must have a firm grasp of the concepts of differential cost, opportunity cost and sunk cost to be effective in making business decisions? Please be sure that your first post talks about these three different types of costs. Consider giving examples – especially if you have examples within your own employment experience. Or – you can look for some online resources that offer you some other facets of this topic to discuss so that it isn’t just a rehash of the textbook. Don’t forget to cite any resources that you use – even the textbook!