Theory of Pain in Nursing
The Historical Background of the Theory of Pain in Nursing
The theory of pain in nursing was one of the first theories in the late 1800s. “This was during the ancient times when there was a strong emphasis on implementing nursing theories (De Clifford‐Faugère et al., 2022).” Tracing the origin of pain theory in nursing, it evolved from the ancient times when pain management was attached to the traditional use of herbs in the management of pain to the present day, where advancements have been made, such as the use of technological methods of pain management which was a result of pain recognition as one of the problematic issues in healthcare.
Definition of the Theory Concepts
The major concepts, in theory, are pain tolerance, nociception, pain perception, pain management, and pain threshold (De Clifford‐Faugère et al., 2022). Pain tolerance refers to the maximum intensity of pain that a patient can endure. Pain nociception is the psychological process in which pain is detected in the body and transmitted to the pain receptors. Pain threshold is defined as the body’s way of expressing injury, where an important action should be taken to enhance pain relief. Pain perception is the subjective experience of pain where the body is consciously aware of the pain. Pain threshold is the body’s recognition of pain. Finally, pain management involves interventions to relieve or reduce pain.
Description of the Theory of Pain
The theory hypothesizes that pain results from complex interactions between the body’s biological, sociological, and psychological factors (Petrini et al., 2020). The theory further emphasizes pain management through a multidimensional point of view to fulfil the patient’s needs. Also, the theory emphasizes the importance of pain assessment, which involves the evaluation of the intensity of pain, the part of the body experiencing pain, and the possible factors that may result in the pain. The theory emphasizes the interventions that are effective. Manage pain regarding the patient’s unique exposure to pain. The interventions include non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions, which are there for managing pain. The theory of pain in nursing also emphasizes nurses’ role in managing pain. The roles include the involvement of nurses in assisting patients in making decisions on how to manage pain, providing information to patients, and teaching the patients self-management strategies in Managing pain.
Balanced Between Analgesia and Side Effects in Pain Management
The nurse’s responsibility in managing pain relies on the interventions to manage pain. There is a need to balance the intervention’s side effects and the analgesic effect among patients on pain management. To meet such a balance, there is a need to have a detailed assessment done on the patient, including the previous medical history, the amount of pain, any allergies, and the side effects of the intervention chosen (Quinlan-Colwell et al., 2022). In this sense, nurses need to appreciate the evidence-based practice guidelines when deciding on the right interventions to manage the patient’s pain. On the other hand, nurses must also assess and regularly monitor the clients who encounter incidences of interventional side effects, which are employed in managing pain.
Theory Application
The theory of pain management in nursing applies to patient management since it stresses the need to offer an individualized plan of care for patients in response to the outcome of their suffering. In this regard, nurses must choose the best intervention for managing clients with pain for the best outcomes (Luo et al., 2019). On the other hand, the theory is useful in enlightening nurses, whereby nurses need to emphasize managing pain and promoting the client’s quality of life. This is also core to evaluating the pain among various patients by the nurses and determining the intensity of pain and how impactful the measures have been.
The Theory Uses in Day-To-Day Practice
Pain management theory depicts issues such as psychological basis, physical perspective, as well as the social aspect of the problem (Luo et al., 2019). Additionally, the theory is useful in assessing and determining the function of nursing measures in managing pain in clients, which is a core determinant of the quality of pain and the client’s outcomes post-management or intervention.
References
De Clifford‐Faugère, G., Aita, M., Arbour, C., & Colson, S. (2022). Development, evaluation, and adaptation of a critical realism informed theory of procedural pain management in preterm infants: The PAIN‐Neo theory. Journal of Advanced Nursing.
Luo, H., Cao, C., Zhong, J., Chen, J., & Cen, Y. (2019). Adjunctive virtual reality for procedural pain management of burn patients during dressing change or physical therapy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials. Wound Repair and Regeneration, 27(1), 90–101.
Petrini, L., & Arendt-Nielsen, L. (2020). Understanding pain catastrophizing: putting pieces together. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 603420.
Quinlan-Colwell, A., Rae, D., & Drew, D. (2022). Prescribing and administering opioid doses based solely on pain intensity: Update of a position statement by the American Society for Pain Management Nursing. Pain Management Nursing, 23(1), 68–75.
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Question 
Analysis of the underpinning for the theory of pain – discuss the analysis of the underpinning for the theory of pain.
Theory of Pain in Nursing
Theoretical or background work that has been done in the field that will support the formation or creation of theory.
Applications of the theory of pain – explain how the theory is used in practice.