The Role of Open Source Tools in Cybersecurity- Enhancing Analysis, Response, Forensics, and Administration
Network Discovery and Scanning
Open-source technologies are essential to cybersecurity professionals because they provide many useful features. Their importance can be exemplified through Nmap, an open-source network mapper. Nmap is a leading open-source network discovery and scanning tool. All network architecture components can be monitored to identify devices, services, and ports left open (Bagyalakshmi et al., 2018). This capability helps experts understand the attack surface within a network. Understanding how it is arranged assists in identifying any loopholes that may be used by malicious actors. It must always exist within a cyber toolbox because of its comprehensive scans.
Packet Analysis
To answer network problems and monitor malicious activities, traffic must be understood. Wireshark is an open-source packet analyzer cyber security specialists use to capture and inspect network packets. Understanding such packets can help in learning about the transmitted information, and detecting anomalies through investigation of potential cases involving system vulnerability or attacks. The capacity of Wireshark to analyze packages in different ways speeds up maintaining integrity within networks (Bagyalakshmi et al., 2018).
Log Management and Analysis
Security incidents and anomalies can only be detected through effective log management and analysis procedures. ELK Stack which includes Elasticsearch, Logstash, and Kibana is an open-sourced solution for a centralized logging facility and analysis tool set that facilitates this end-to-end approach towards gathering logs from various sources to provide monitoring capability for detection purposes. Cybersecurity experts need Kibana since they can use it to visualize their log data; hence, they can notice any patterns or threats that may be hidden.
Firewall and Network Security
It is important to manage network security policies and traffic filtering rules so as to secure the organization’s network. In fact, cybersecurity professionals can efficiently create and manage these policies using PfSense, an open-source firewall and router platform (Aggarwal, 2018). It provides tools like VPN support and traffic filtering that ensure that network security measures are enhanced.
References
Aggarwal, M. (2018). Network Security with pfSense: Architect, deploy, and operate enterprise-grade firewalls. Packt Publishing Ltd.
Bagyalakshmi, G., Rajkumar, G., Arunkumar, N., Easwaran, M., Narasimhan, K., Elamaran, V., Solarte, M., Hernández, I. G., & Ramírez-González, G. (2018). Network vulnerability analysis on Brain Signal/Image databases using NMAP and Wireshark tools. IEEE Access, 6, 57144–57151. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2872775
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Question 
Respond to the following in a minimum of 175 words:
The Role of Open Source Tools in Cybersecurity- Enhancing Analysis, Response, Forensics, and Administration
Discuss how some open source tools (such as Nmap) are useful within cybersecurity (analysis, response, forensics, or administration) and why it is valuable for a cyber professional to become familiar with a variety of open source tools.