The Psychiatric Evaluation and Evidence-Based Rating Scales
Getting to know the patient, getting them to open up, and asking if they have any questions or concerns that have not already been addressed are three of the most important aspects of a psychiatric interview (Abd El-Hay, 2018). Developing rapport with the patient entails discussing the issues and asking questions to determine what brought the patient to the healthcare facility (Abd El-Hay, 2018). Patients will always feel safe to express their concerns (Abd El-Hay, 2018). However, sometimes in-depth questions are required to help people organize their thoughts and feelings. Concerns and problems of patients, past medical history, family history, social history, symptom history, and behavioural tendencies are all examples of what to ask about when gathering descriptive information (Abd El-Hay, 2018).
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As a result, a thorough assessment of one’s mental health is required (Abd El-Hay, 2018). Before asking the question, inform the patient of the upcoming instructions, evaluations, and therapy (The psychiatric interview and Diagnosis, 2020). To begin gathering, organizing, and constructing a differential diagnosis and treatment plan, it is beneficial toestablish a therapeutic connection with the patient using these factors. If this is done, the outcome of the psychiatric interview will be improved (The psychiatric consultation and Diagnosis, 2020).
Describe the psychometric properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)
The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) can be used to identify self-report measures of depressive symptoms (Daray et al., 2019). The PHQ-9 is typically a condensed version of the full PHQ. The PHQ-9 is based on the DSM-IV and other depression symptom measures. The PHQ-9 is reliable and valid, according to research conducted at more than five primary care and obstetrics clinics (Daray et al., 2019). A score of 10 or higher increased the likelihood of success in diagnosing severe depression by 88%. ( Daray et al., 2019). Thepatient’snt includes an additional question that will not affect your score. This follow-up investigation seeks to assess the patient’s resilience in adversity (Daray et al., 2019). The final score can be determined after a patient has completed the evaluation. The scale for this evaluation ranges from 0 (extremely low) to 27 (extremely high) (very high). When the score is between 5 and 9, depression symptoms are mild. Scores between 10 and 14 indicate mild to severe depression (Daray et al., 2019). A score of 15 to 19 indicates moderate-to-severe depression. If the score is 20 or higher, major depression is present (Daray et al., 2019).
This instrument can treat various mental health issues, including anxiety and depression (Mudra Rakshasa-Loots & Laughton, 2022). Furthermore, adolescent patients can benefit from this evaluation, which can be used until later in life. The instrument can also be used to evaluate pharmaceutical treatments. Checking patients’ adherence to psychopharmacological therapies has never been easier, but the Patient Health Questionnaire can help (Mudra Rakshasa-Loots & Laughton, 2022).
Explain when the Patient Heapractitioner’sire (PHQ-9) rating scale should be used with clients during a psychiatric interview and how the scale aids a nurse practitioner’s psychiatric assessment.
The PHQ-9, according to Iglesias-González and Diez-Quevedo (2021), ipatient’squestion questionnaire was used to assess depression and track changes in depressive symptoms. At the start of a visit, the patient’s PHQ-9 score, blood pressure, and other vitals should be recorded. The patient must understand that all staff members are just as comfortable giving the PHQ-9 as any other vital sign, resulting in a welcoming environment.
The PHQ-9 is a valuable tool for healthcare practitioners to use in assessing and screening for depression (Iglesias-González & Diez-Quevedo, 2021). As of now, medical guidelines recommend using this questionnaire. Filling out this questionnaire should, by definition, be part of a thorough and thorough evaluation. Because depression is a common medical condition that must be diagnosed and treated, primary care physicians are under increasing pressure to screen all patients for it. Unfortunately, people may not recognize the link between their symptoms and depression until it is pointed out to them (Iglesias-González & Diez-Quevedo, 2021). As a result, depression can be misdiagnosed as another medical condition, and depression can exacerbate other health problems.
Nurse practitioners in a variety of healthcare settings deal with depression daily. According to recent recommendations and research, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) should be a screening tool (Sung, 2019). This instrument should be well-understood person’s practitioners. This instrument is used to dissect depressive disorders and screening procedures. The PHQ-9 can assess a person’s psychological well-being in all dimensions as part of a comprehepatient’schiatric examination (Sung, 2019). Certain medical professionals use the PHQ-3 to determine whether a patient’s mental health problems correspondent using physical health problems. In addition to questions about depressive symptoms, the full PHQ also inquires about respondents’ anxiety, alcohol consumption, and dietary habits. In these instances, patient feedback may be used to identify problems (Sung, 2019).
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References
Abd El-Hay, M. A. (2018). The psychiatric interview. Essentials of Psychiatric Assessment, 149– 205. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315148137-3
Daray, F. M., Hunter, F., Anastasia, A., & Fornaro, M. (2019). Psychometric Properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire nine-item version (PHQ-9) for use among hospitalized non-psychiatric medical patients. General Hospital Psychiatry, 61, 69–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2019.10.004
Iglesias-González, M., & Diez-Quevedo, C. (2021). The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ). The Neuroscience of Depression, 185–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-817933-8.00029-3
Mudra Rakshasa-Loots, A., & Laughton, B. (2022). IsiXhosa translation of theWe’llent Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9): A pilot study of psychometric properties [stage 1]. Frontiers in Psychiatry, p. 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.840912
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Question 
Post a brief explanation of three essential components of the psychiatric interview and why you consider these elements necessary. Explain the psychometric properties of the rating scale you were assigned.
Thpractitioner’sEvaluation and Evidence-Based Rating Scales
Explain when it is appropriate to use this rating scale with clients during the psychiatric interview and how the scale is helpful to a nurse practitioner’s psychiatric assessment. Support your approach with evidence-based literature.
rating scale assigned:(Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)