Sociology-Consequences of the Labeling Process
Deviance is not entirely a consequence of the labels and labeling process, but there are definite facts that the labeling process generates deviant behavior. To begin with, labeling triggers a deviant self-concept in an individual (Marvin D., Nicole, Gina, and Alan J., 2019). People understand themselves and conduct themselves in a manner based on how others view their tendencies and behavior. For instance, a person who is viewed as generous is expected to behave in a giving manner; thus, this perception from other persons makes the individual see him or herself as a giving person, thereby taking on the role of generosity. Consequently, persons labeled as deviant may decide to take on the role of the deviant in society in order to fulfill negative and stereotypical perceptions from society.
Secondly, the application of negative labeling triggers social exclusion, which is deviant in the definition. The stigmatization brought about by deviant labeling may trigger processes of social withdrawal. Stereotypical perceptions of criminality are usually the defining characteristics of a person labeled as a criminal offender. The labeled offender encounters negative reactions such as mistrust and fear from other people. For example, a person labeled as a shoplifter may find it difficult to secure a decent job because employers regard them as illegitimate. Discrimination resulting from mistrust may lead to social withdrawal due to predictable rejection and devaluation from society.
Lastly, deviant labeling, which triggers social rejection, may lead to involvement in deviant groups. People tend to associate with other people who are similar to themselves. A person who has a deviant self-concept may seek friendship from individuals with a similar deviant self-concept. To elaborate, the labeled shoplifter, discussed above, may seek association from deviant groups that provide support and acceptance but also provide rationalizations and opportunities that encourage criminal behavior, on the other hand.
In conclusion, labels and the labeling process have consequent effects on deviance. Labeling theory suggests that applied labels influence behavior of individuals (Casella, 2020). Therefore, deviant self-concept, social exclusion, and involvement in deviant groups surrounding the labeling process may prompt deviant behavior.
References
Cassella, K. (2020). Social Work and Deviant Behavior. Eastern Gateway Community College.
Marvin D., K., Nicole, H., Gina, P. and Alan J., L. (2019). Handbook on Crime and Deviance. Handbooks of Sociology and Social Research. <http://sci-hub.se/10.1007/978-3-030-20779-3>.
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Question 
Sociology-Consequences of the Labeling Process
- Is deviance simply a consequence of labels and the labeling process?
- Explain your answer and support it with examples.
Sociology-Consequences of the Labeling Process
- Explain your answer and support it with examples.
