Social Control Theory
Social Control Theory was developed in 1958 by Ivan Nye as more theories about deviance developed. It suggests that people tend to commit deviance once the forces binding them to society are weakened or broken. Ivan Nye proposed four types of control: internalized, direct, indirect, and externalized (Inderbitzin, Bates, & Gainey, n.d.). Later, in 1969, Travis Hirschi created his version of the theory, also known as the Social Bonding Theory. It suggests that people’s rate of deviance is related to social bonds, and it consists of; (1) Attachment, which means people do not commit crime because of the emotional factor whereby they care about the judgments they will get from those attached to them, (2) Commitment; when people have a strong goal they will less likely participate in deviant behavior, (3) Involvement suggests that when people are engaged or committed to other activities during their free time, they will less likely get involved in crime and (4) Belief is when people are informed and understand the rules they will not get involved in deviant activities (Özbay & Özcan, 2006).
The Life Course Theory was then invented in the 1960s by Sampson and Laub with the belief that a child’s engagement in deviance was related to their bonds to family and school in that if there is no bond, one is likely to commit a crime. Second, if one is active in committing a crime while young, they will most likely commit a crime as a grownup and vice versa. Third, individuals’ adulthood life events can change the level of deviance being committed. Finally, Hirschi’s and life course theories are similar in that they both consider the attachment factor to family or friends in criminal activity and the commitment individuals may want to meet in the future to prevent deviance. Do you need urgent assignment help ? Our homework help will save you tons of energy and time required for your homework paper.
In conclusion, several researchers devised unique versions of the social control theory. Nonetheless, all had the same goal, which is trying to understand what affects the rate of crime committed in societies, and they are all helpful in today’s world.
References
Inderbitzin, M., Bates, K., & Gainey, R. Deviance and social control.
Özbay, Ö., & Özcan, Y. (2006). A Test of Hirschi’s Social Bonding Theory. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 50(6), 711-726. doi: 10.1177/0306624×05283525
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Question 
Examine the development of social control theory.
Social Control Theory
Compare and contrast the social control theory by Hirschi versus the life course theory by Sampson & Laub.