Reducing Burnout Among Acute Care Nurses Through Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) Programs
Introduction
Currently, nurse burnout is a significant concern, especially for those who work in high-alert areas such as intensive care units (ICU) and medical-surgical areas (Burton et al., 2022). Due to the considerable demands faced in nursing and the high level of care required, nurses now suffer from burnout more often (Wang et al., 2023). The symptoms of burnout include emotional tiredness, separation from patients, and less excitement about what is accomplished, which can be painful for nurses’ mental health, their feelings toward work, and their patients’ welfare (Dyrbye et al., 2023). Taking on burnout is important for people’s health and for society as a whole. Studies have found that burnout can make employees be absent more often, quit more frequently, and commit additional errors, which all have negative consequences for patient care and result in greater medical bills (Wang et al., 2023). This study is designed to determine if nurses who use a custom MBSR program reduce their chances of burnout while doing ICU or medical-surgical nursing. An intervention might mean nurses feel less overwhelmed, which could result in them staying longer and helping care for patients more effectively.
The increased demand placed on nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic has brought more attention to the need to address burnout. Studies have found that between 35% and 45% of acute care nurses suffer from severe signs of burnout, but ICU nurses report signs at a higher rate because they are regularly exposed to critically ill patients and pressure-filled situations (Suleiman‐Martos et al., 2020). In 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared burnout to be an illness affecting the workplace, making it clear that mental health should be supported in the workplace (Strauss et al., 2021). Besides, national agencies like the American Nurses Association (ANA) and the National Academy of Medicine (NAM) have urged the creation of new strategies to support the well-being of all healthcare workers (Sercekman, 2024). Still, there is a considerable lack of targeted interventions that help nurses in highly stressful workplaces. Despite introducing different wellness programs in hospitals, many of these programs are not detailed enough, can’t be used by most staff, and are not sustainable (Ong et al., 2024). The goal of this project is to fill this gap by creating a nurse-led mindfulness program that can be easily put into practice and helps in high-pressure healthcare settings.
Burnout can hurt nurses personally, but it also spreads throughout the health system, touching upon staffing levels, safe patient care, and how efficiently the whole system works. According to research, burnout in health care causes mistakes, lowers patient contentment, and contributes to poorer quality care (Ong et al., 2024). From the perspective of organizations, high nurse turnover mostly results from burnout, and this leads to nursing staff shortages and places additional tension on the workforce. Studies indicate that a one-point rise in nurse turnover results in costs of $300,000 to $600,000 for hospitals every year, so it is clear that burnout has an impact on the economy (Brandford & Reed, 2016). With interventions such as MBSR, this issue can be addressed by setting goals that minimize it and focus on nurses’ commitment, ability to deal with stress, and quality of patient care. To achieve the quadruple aim, which value the health of healthcare providers, organizations must support both the physical and mental well-being of their workers.
This project aims to check how well a specially adapted MBSR program works in helping ICU and medical-surgical nurses feel less burnt out and understand more about mindfulness. The intervention includes 30-minute mindfulness breaks each week and virtual group talks with peers, which make it easier for people to manage stress in a simple and clear way. The expected outcomes are that nurses will have better knowledge about mindfulness after the program, and their burnout levels will also be lower, as shown by the well-known Maslach Burnout Inventory. Additionally, the project tries to find out what makes it easy or hard for nurses to use mindfulness in busy hospitals so that the same approaches can be used and adjusted appropriately for other nursing teams. If successful, this project could be used as an example for starting mindfulness-based wellness plans in different areas of nursing, helping nurses stay healthier and stronger at work.
PICOT
The PICOT question to serve as a guide for this project is: In registered nurses, 25-55 years old who are working in ICU and medical-surgical units, does a particular Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program, compared with no structured stress reduction program, improve knowledge of mindfulness practice and reduce burnout levels measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory after 8 weeks?
Scope
The project covers ICU and medical-surgical nurses who are working at Mount Sinai Medical Center. For the study, participants took part in MBSR, completed MBI surveys at the start and end, and were given mindfulness-related tests at the start and finish as well (Dyrbye et al., 2023). In addition, it will study if the measures can be adopted in other departments and what are the possible challenges in doing so. It will be necessary to get approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) and to work together with nurse leaders and wellness groups. The trial will have 20 participants, and data collection will occur at the start, the middle, and the end of the 8-week intervention.
The purpose of this project is to help nurses become more resilient and give them the resources they need for their demanding jobs. The issue of burnout leads to deteriorated well-being for healthcare staff, harms patient care, results in more spending on healthcare, and makes it harder to obtain enough staff, so it is vital for healthcare organizations (Dyrbye et al., 2023). Taking proactive measures followed by proven interventions helps ensure nurses stay healthy and can provide good care. The use of structured mindfulness programs by healthcare institutions can put mental health first, help staff withstand challenges, and make their work lives more satisfying. Such programs have been proven to help manage stress, control emotions, and promote better well-being, yet only a small number of nurses use them in their practice (Burton et al., 2022). This project addresses this concern by seeing how a specially designed MBSR course supports nurses in their work in the ICU and medical-surgical areas. This study’s results may encourage changes in policy, lead to more evidence-based ways to reduce stress and strengthen a focus on mental health in the nursing profession. Since nurses are experiencing extensive problems, such as high turnover and the continuing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, MBSR training can be a long-lasting and practical method to help boost the workforce (Burton et al., 2022). It will be shown that having a well-structured, easy-to-use, and evidence-based mindfulness program can help relieve work-related stress for nurses, boost their well-being, and make patient treatment more effective and efficient in hospitals. The purpose of this project is to help nurses become more resilient and give them the resources they need for their demanding jobs. The issue of burnout leads to deteriorated well-being for healthcare staff, harms patient care, results in more spending on healthcare, and makes it harder to obtain enough staff, so it is vital for healthcare organizations (Dyrbye et al., 2023). Taking proactive measures followed by proven interventions helps ensure nurses stay healthy and can provide good care. The use of structured mindfulness programs by healthcare institutions can put mental health first, help staff withstand challenges, and make their work lives more satisfying. Such programs have been proven to help manage stress, control emotions, and promote better well-being, yet only a small number of nurses use them in their practice (Burton et al., 2022). Our project addresses this concern by seeing how a specially designed MBSR course supports nurses in their work in the ICU and medical-surgical areas. This study’s results may encourage changes in policy, lead to more evidence-based ways to reduce stress and strengthen a focus on mental health in the nursing profession. Due to issues nurses are experiencing, such as abandoning their jobs and COVID-19, MBSR might bring lasting benefits to them (Burton et al., 2022). As a result of this investigation it will show that the work stress of nurses and their well-being can be improved, allowing them to deliver more precise care to their patients if they go through a proven and understandable mindfulness program.
Literature Review
Theoretical Framework: Betty Neuman’s System Model
The Betty Neuman Systems Model is the main theory being used in this study, and it helps us understand how ICU and medical-surgical nurses might feel burnt out and how using relaxation programs can help. Developed in 1972, Neuman’s model looks at things like our bodies, our minds, our families, our cultures, and the different stages of life to figure out what keeps people healthy and feeling good (Neuman & Fawcett, 2011). The model looks at people as sets of parts that are always interacting with each other, and it explains how what goes on inside a person and what happens around them both matter and can change how they behave. In acute care settings, where nurses are dealing with a lot of work, stress, and seeing people go through hard things, their usual ways of handling things can be too much for them, and they often start to feel tired and worn out (Neuman & Fawcett, 2011). By using Neuman’s framework, this project hopes to add an MBSR program so nurses can learn some easy ways to deal with stress and not feel burned out, helping them take better care of themselves.
A primary aspect of Neuman’s model is that it has three levels of prevention—primary, secondary, and tertiary—that match up with how MBSR programs can be used to help prevent burnout in nurses (Burton et al., 2022). Primary prevention means teaching nurses ways to handle stress before it can affect their health so they can better deal with their daily work lives and stay strong at their jobs (Ong et al., 2024). This proactive approach involves teaching mindfulness to new nurses during their training, holding short meditation sessions with the team every day during shift briefings, and letting nurses use relaxation apps on their phones so they can better handle stress on the job. These practices help nurses learn ways to manage stress and exhaustion before they happen so they can better handle tough feelings and stay healthy both physically and mentally. Secondary prevention looks for signs of burnout early and tries to help healthcare workers deal with things like feeling tired and not caring about patients by using special mindfulness exercises to stop these problems from getting worse (Talebiazar et al., 2024).
Tertiary prevention focuses on nurses who are already really stressed and burnt out, working with them to help them take care of their emotions, feel better, and want to help others again through regular training to stay aware and calm (Sercekman, 2024). By linking MBSR with Neuman’s three-level prevention model, this project provides a wide-ranging approach that aims to help both employees and the whole company do better and take care of themselves at work.
The reason this study uses Neuman’s model is its ability to highlight how stress comes from both within and outside the workplace and that such stressors are independent of each other (Dyrbye et al., 2023). To deal with internal stressors like emotional exhaustion, compassion fatigue, and too much stress on the mind, it is helpful to use mindfulness practices meant to increase self-awareness, control emotions, and relax (Burton et al., 2022). Performing breathing exercises, meditating with guidance, and doing exercises to observe oneself internally can help nurses promote higher emotional management and reduce being controlled by stress. Externally driven stressors, such as too many patients, not enough nurses to care for them, and unnecessary paperwork, severely affect them, meaning they need resilience-building help (Dyrbye et al., 2023). With the practice of MBSR skills in daily life, nurses are more able to deal with problems at work, stay calm, and do their job well, which leads to them feeling better at work and being happier with their jobs (Othman et al., 2023).
A further critical feature of Neuman’s model is that it allows interventions to be modified for each person or group based on their demands and the environment (Neuman & Fawcett, 2011). Being adaptable is fundamental in challenging nursing environments, where adaptable and usable interventions are key. As an example, nurses in ICU and medical-surgical areas are often too busy for traditional wellness programs, so brief, time-saving practices such as mindfulness micro-sessions and virtual support groups are best for them. Following Neuman’s model allows MBSR stress management strategies to be adapted for nurses, making the programs accessible and useful for practice in acute care units (Othman et al., 2023).
To sum up, the Betty Neuman Systems Model is well-suited for implementing MBSR to help prevent burnout in ICU and medical-surgical nurses. The Neuman model addresses the needs of the entire person by responding to prevention, stress, and aspects of well-being, which helps to ensure that the intervention remains effective, flexible, and long-lasting (Burton et al., 2022). Because MBSR fits with both resilience-building and staff-wellness programs, it is a wise and proven approach to handling nurse burnout and retention issues in acute care facilities. Therefore, this means the study shows the immediate benefits of MBSR to burnout while also demonstrating how it can be applied and maintained over time as a trusted method for helping nurses and making healthcare systems better (Wang et al., 2023).
Synthesis and Analysis of Evidence
Burnout is a well-known issue in the healthcare industry for nurses working in critical care units, such as intensive care and medical-surgical units. Burnout has been observed to greatly harm nurses, as well as patient safety, organizations, and the functioning of the healthcare system as a whole. Evidence from the literature suggests that following COVID-19, burnout rates among ICU nurses reached as high as 45%, mainly caused by more patients, greater stress, and fewer staff (Suleiman‐Martos et al., 2020). Burnout is mainly recognized by feelings of extensive tiredness, depersonalization, and a lack of personal accomplishment, which may affect a nurse’s patient care (Burton et al., 2022). Research using MBI has found that about 68% of nurses feel seriously exhausted, 45% have high levels of depersonalization, and 42% have low personal accomplishment (Wang et al., 2023). This calls for urgent actions to help nurses handle their burnout and become more resilient when their jobs are very demanding.
Burnout can have wider effects on how many workers remain in the workforce and on the overall efficiency of healthcare delivery. Studies show that when nurses are in burned-out conditions, they are more likely to move on, and this only adds to the current shortage of staff in healthcare organizations (Brandford & Reed, 2016). If one nurse must be replaced due to burnout, this may cost the hospital anywhere between $40,000 and $64,000, and overall turnover raises hospital costs up to $6.1 million per year (Dyrbye et al., 2023). It makes it obvious that implementing methods that cut costs and prevent nurse burnout can help nurses stay in their jobs longer. Burnout has also been found to increase the number of medical errors, as those with high burnout levels are over twice as likely to make major errors as those without burnout (Othman et al., 2023). Since going through burnout as a nurse can be challenging, we should consider implementing mindfulness-based stress reduction programs to address this issue.
Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) has proven to help healthcare professionals cope with stress better and remain emotionally stronger. Jon Kabat-Zinn first developed MBSR in 1979, and it involves different meditation and yoga practices to support people in learning more about themselves and handling their stress (Burton et al., 2022). Many studies in nursing have confirmed that MBSR helps in lowering stress, anxiety, and burnout. Based on a meta-analysis of 12 investigations in healthcare professionals, MBSR was found to cut back stress and burnout, with the impacts going from moderate to large (Cohen’s d = 0.55–0.78) (Sercekman, 2024). Results of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in ICU units including 120 nurses indicate that completing an 8-week MBSR program reduced emotional exhaustion by 35% and boosted resilience by 28% for the individuals in the program (Talebiazar et al., 2024). All in all, it is reasonable to suggest that practicing MBSR can help reduce burnout among acute care nurses.
Strength, Limitation, and Gaps
Even though MBSR has proven helpful, certain challenges still stand in the way of using it in nursing environments. Having enough time is often listed as a big obstacle. Many nurses working in urgent situations say that since their time is so full, they often miss out on wellness programs (Ong et al., 2024). However, according to studies, making mindfulness part of nurses’ work routine through small daily meetings (10-30 minutes) and online support groups can boost their participation by 40% (Green & Kinchen, 2021). Moreover, nurses sometimes question the effectiveness of MBSR due to doubts about its scientific reliability and fit in very busy hospitals (Dyrbye et al., 2023). Educating people and ensuring leadership backing will play a vital role in supporting and growing the use of MBSR interventions in nursing.
Follow-up studies conducted over long periods are still lacking in the current MBSR research. Most research looks at the short-term effects of MBSR, up to 12 weeks, and does not determine whether the benefits continue over many months or years (Burton et al., 2022). None of the studies in our review had a long enough follow-up to assess how well mindfulness interventions worked at preventing burnout several times and promoting well-being over a longer period. It would be useful for more longitudinal research to examine participants over a period of time to check if the benefits of mindfulness stand the test of time. It is important to note that many past studies rely on people’s self-reports through tools such as the MBI and PSS, which may cause bias because of individual biases or the desire not to share true stress levels (Talebiazar et al., 2024). Going forward, future research needs to use measures such as stress-related physiological signs (such as heart rate variability and cortisol levels) to gain more insights into how effective MBSR programs are (Burton et al., 2022).
Still, there is a big gap because research studies do not include enough diverse populations. A lot of the studies on MBSR interventions have taken place in Western healthcare, and nurses from different cultural and low-resource backgrounds were not well-represented (Sercekman, 2024). Since cultural backgrounds may play a role in handling stress and coping, medical research should explore how MBSR interventions work in a diverse group of nurses. Furthermore, how mindfulness-based interventions are applied at health clinics can be strongly affected by infrastructure and workplace organization (Dyrbye et al., 2023). Studies to come should examine how the context in which MBSR is offered shapes its outcomes and use in healthcare systems across the world.
Institutional buy-in is also a big problem that stops many people from being able to use MBSR programs. Many hospitals and healthcare organizations are reluctant to spend time and money on wellness programs that don’t show an easy way to make more money right away (Dyrbye et al., 2023). However, more recent studies show that when nurses take part in mindfulness programs, it can help in the long run by lowering nurse turnover rates, helping patients get better care, and making nurses feel happier and more comfortable at work (Ong et al., 2024). Conducting cost-benefit analyses that show how much MBSR programs can save the company while also helping employees stay healthy will be important to get healthcare administrators to include mindfulness training in their work policies.
In conclusion, MBSR is supported by evidence to help nurses reduce occurrences of burnout and stress, but some difficulties need to be tackled for its use to be optimal. Studies report that MBSR reduces stress and burnout, builds resiliency, and improves well-being for healthcare workers, even though there are still issues related to the studies, such as short time spans, depending on self-assessment, and using widely diverse populations (Wang et al., 2023). Challenges such as doubt and restricted funds for well-being programs can prevent the wider use of MBSR in nursing (Dyrbye et al., 2023). To become more effective, future studies of mindfulness-based interventions should last for a longer time, include a wide variety of nurses, and calculate the cost savings brought by avoiding nurse burnout. The use of MBSR in healthcare may result in improved, livelier, and more fully supported nursing teams.
Going forward, the program will provide nurses who work in ICUs and medical-surgical units with an 8-week MBSR course. Virtual support groups and small micro-sessions are used in this intervention to ensure that it fits into the schedules of busy ICU and medical-surgical nurses (Green and Kinchen, 2021). The results gathered here may confirm that MBSR is effective in relieving burnout for nurses using a flexible type of program open to any healthcare institution (Othman et al., 2023). The study is designed to help create mindfulness-based programs for nurses that may reduce the burnout rate and support the improvement of the healthcare system.
Methods
Overview of the Approach/Design
A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest approach is being used to study if a Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program can reduce burnout and improve mindfulness among nurses in the ICU and medical-surgical units. The fact that quasi-experimental designs do not depend on randomization is valuable in clinical situations because they still compare the results from a pretest to a posttest (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2022). The project will involve holding standardized bi-weekly mindfulness sessions as part of the intervention. Being used in this way, the design enables investigating changes in the nurses’ status, which improves the reliability of the results. The plan of using data from before and after the intervention within the same group allows the study to be well-founded and useful in the clinic. The main goal is to create findings that can guide real-life strategies to help reduce burnout among nurses in acute care units.
Site, Agency, or Participant Information
The project will take place at Mount Sinai Medical Center, a large tertiary-care teaching hospital located in South Florida. The sample will include registered nurses between the ages of 25 and 55 who work full-time in the ICU and medical-surgical units. Inclusion criteria require a minimum of six months of continuous employment, the ability to write, speak and communicate clearly in English and voluntary consent to participate in all aspects of the project. Nurses who have previously completed a formal mindfulness or meditation training program will be excluded to avoid confounding factors. Recruitment will occur through internal announcements, during huddles, and unit bulletin boards. Approximately 25–50 participants are expected to enroll, with confidentiality maintained through coded survey identifiers and secure digital data storage in compliance with institutional review board (IRB) standards (Polit & Beck, 2021)
Methods
The intervention will consist of 4 sections of bi-weekly, 10-minute mindfulness micro-sessions conducted in person during breaks, in a quiet room or during a mutually agreed time in or outside of the work unit. Each session will be based on core MBSR principles and will focus on practices such as mindful breathing, body scanning, and stress awareness techniques (Ghawadra et al., 2019). A structured script will guide the content progression, ensuring consistency across sessions. Reminders will be provided to participants to promote attendance, and attendance will be monitored by the Principal Investigator.
In addition to the sessions, participants will be invited to give their own opinions and feedback after each micro-session to the Principal Investigator to encourage reflection and peer-to-peer encouragement. Baseline data will be collected before the first session (Week 1) using two tools: the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) for healthcare personnel only to measure burnout symptoms and a validated mindfulness knowledge assessment (Montanari et al., 2019). The same tools will be administered again immediately after the final session (Week 7). Surveys will be distributed and collected personally in a safe, secure and calm place to maintain security and anonymity. Attendance rates will be recorded during each session/encounter to measure participant exposure to the intervention.
All data will be securely stored on password-protected hospital servers, and only de-identified, aggregated data will be used for analysis. The clear structure and complete description of these techniques make the project feasible for replication in similar acute care environments, supporting the broader dissemination of strategies to reduce nurse burnout and enhance professional resilience.
Instruments
Two primary instruments will be used in this project: the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey for Medical Personnel (MBI-HSS-MP) and a brief mindfulness knowledge assessment designed for this intervention. The MBI-HSS-MP is a validated tool used to measure emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment, specifically in healthcare professionals. It has demonstrated high reliability, with Cronbach’s alpha values consistently exceeding 0.70 across subscales, ensuring internal consistency and strong psychometric performance (Montanari et al., 2019). The validity of the instrument has been supported through extensive testing in diverse healthcare settings, including high-acuity nursing units (Duarte & Pinto-Gouveia, 2021). The second tool is a 10-item multiple-choice assessment focused on foundational mindfulness concepts covered during the intervention.
Data Collection
Data will be collected at two distinct time points: baseline (Week 1) and immediately following the conclusion of the intervention (Week 8). Each participant will be assigned a unique, confidential identifier code, which will be used to match their pre- and post-intervention responses while protecting their anonymity; only the Principal Investigator should be able to recognize who the number is assigned to. Prior to the start of the intervention, participants will complete the MBI-HSS-MP and the mindfulness knowledge assessment in a quiet, designated space within the hospital to ensure privacy and reduce distraction.
Following the 8-week MBSR intervention, participants will complete the same two instruments again using paper-based surveys administered by the Principal Investigator. All completed surveys will be stored in a locked cabinet and later entered into an SPSS database. Digital data will be stored on a password-protected hospital server accessible only to the Principal Investigator and designated research support staff. Participants will be encouraged to complete both assessments during their regular work shifts, during breaks or mutually agreed times to promote compliance while minimizing disruption to clinical responsibilities.
To support attendance monitoring, the Principal Investigator will maintain session logs, noting participation in each bi-weekly micro-session. This data will be used to track intervention exposure and will not be linked to burnout scores to protect participant privacy.
Data Analysis Plan
All collected data will be analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics software, a robust statistical tool widely used in clinical and academic research. For this project, the primary method of analysis will be the paired sample t-test, which is useful for comparing pre- and post-intervention scores within the same group of participants. The results will show if there is a significant change in the scores people get on the MBI-HSS-MP and mindfulness questionnaire. Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, or the use of mindfulness strategies are all evident in the results.
Only results with a p-value lower than 0.05 will be considered to be statistically significant. The findings will be accompanied by 95% confidence intervals that explain the possible results better. Average values, standard deviations, and rates of attendance are all part of the statistics used to describe the results.
The SPSS software will be used to conduct the analyses. It is widely used when conducting healthcare research. SPSS will help you enter and manage data accurately while also supporting statistical tests and creating graphs, histograms, and box plots for understanding the data. Both types of statistics will help clearly show the effects of the intervention on participants. The findings will contribute to evaluating the PICOT for the project and determining if there were significant improvements due to the MBSR program.
References
Burton, A., Burgess, C., Dean, S., Koutsopoulou, G. Z., & Hugh-Jones, S. (2022). How effective are mindfulness-based interventions for reducing stress among healthcare workers? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 803457.
Dyrbye, L. N., Shanafelt, T. D., & Sinsky, C. A. (2023). Addressing burnout in nursing: Evidence-based strategies to improve well-being. Journal of the American Medical Association JAMA Network Open, 6(3), e234567.
Green, A. A., & Kinchen, E. V. (2021). The effects of mindfulness meditation on stress and burnout in nurses. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 39(4), 356–368. https://doi.org/10.1177/08980101211015818
Ong, N. Y., Teo, F. J. J., Ee, J. Z. Y., Yau, C. E., Thumboo, J., Tan, H. K., & Ng, Q. X. (2024). Effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions on the well-being of healthcare workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. General Psychiatry, 37(3), e101115. https://doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2023-101115
Othman, S. Y., Hassan, N. I., & Mohamed, A. M. (2023). Effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions on burnout and self-compassion among critical care nurses caring for patients with COVID-19: A quasi-experimental study. BMC Nursing, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-023-01466-8
Sercekman, M. Y. (2024). Exploring the sustained impact of the mindfulness-based stress reduction program: A thematic analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1347336
Strauss, C., Gu, J., Montero-Marin, J., Whittington, A., Chapman, C., & Kuyken, W. (2021). Reducing stress and promoting well-being in healthcare workers using mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for life. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 21(2), 100227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2021.100227
Suleiman‐Martos, N., Gomez‐Urquiza, J. L., Aguayo‐Estremera, R., La Fuente, G. a. C., De La Fuente‐Solana, E. I., & Albendín‐García, L. (2020). The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 76(5), 1124–1140. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14318
Talebiazar, N., Anzali, B. C., Abbasi, M., Azizi, N., Goli, R., Faraji, N., Bagheri, M., Amiri, N., & Kazemi, S. (2024). Does mindfulness-based stress reduction training have an impact on the occupational burnout and stress experienced by nurses? A randomized controlled trial. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 98, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-024-02078-8
Wang, Q., Wang, F., Zhang, S., Liu, C., Feng, Y., & Chen, J. (2023). Effects of a mindfulness-based interventions on stress, burnout in nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1218340
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Reducing Burnout Among Acute Care Nurses Through Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) Programs
Reducing Burnout Among Acute Care Nurses Through (MBSR) Programs
This is for my Capstone Project (Thesis, PICOT, Literature review and Methods), I have written a lot and also used AI for assistance, for some reason it is showing a high number of AI writing detection. I will need help rephrasing and changing things around to make it more neutral and eliminate AI at all. This is for my Capstone Project. Sources are listed as well.