Prenatal Vitamins Ingredients
List 5 ingredients from a prenatal vitamin and why each is needed for both the Mom and the developing fetus.
Prenatal vitamins are essential to expectant mothers and the developing fetus because they are made up of ingredients that ensure the health of both the mother and the fetus. These ingredients include vitamin D, choline, iodine, iron, calcium, and folic acid (Schmitt, MS, RDN, LD, 2017).
Vitamin D
Vitamin D ensures proper skeletal development, brain function, and neurodevelopment for the fetus, preventing behavioral disorders and maintaining pregnancy (Al Emadi & Hammoudeh, 2013). Additionally, for the mother, Vitamin D ensures proper tissue function, preventing the development of diseases such as cancer and multiple sclerosis, promoting calcium absorption, and supporting oral health (Boggess et al., 2011).
Choline
Choline is essential for the fetus to ensure brain development by releasing metabolites that promote brain and central nervous system development and other organ growth. Moreover, choline is necessary for mothers to ensure the growth and development of maternal organs such as the placenta and proper tissue function as the tissues expand, regulating lipoprotein production and reactions containing one-carbon moieties (Caudill, 2010).
Iron
Iron is essential for the fetus because it regulates cell growth, development, and oxygen transportation. Iron also boosts the mother’s immunity and ensures oxygen transportation (Duerbeck et al., 2014).
Calcium
Calcium promotes bone formation in the fetus. It also ensures vasodilation and vasoconstriction, muscle function, hormone secretion, and transmission of nerves in mothers (Duerbeck et al., 2014).
Vitamin B9; Folic acid
Folic acid is essential for DNA synthesis, cell division, and growth and prevents neural tube defects in the fetus. Additionally, for mothers, folic acid is necessary for women with previous pregnancies with neural tube defects and promotes cell division and growth (Duerbeck et al., 2014).
References
Al Emadi, S., & Hammoudeh, M. (2013). Vitamin D study in pregnant women and their babies. Qatar Medical Journal, 2013(1), 7. https://doi.org/10.5339/qmj.2013.7
Boggess, K., Espinola, J., Moss, K., Beck, J., Offenbacher, S., & Camargo Jr., C. (2011). Vitamin D Status and Periodontal Disease Among Pregnant Women. Journal Of Periodontology, 82(2), 195-200. https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.2010.100384
Caudill, M. (2010). Pre- and Postnatal Health: Evidence of Increased Choline Needs. Journal Of The American Dietetic Association, 110(8), 1198-1206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2010.05.009
Duerbeck, N., Dowling, D., & Duerbeck, J. (2014). Prenatal Vitamins. Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey, 69(12), 777-788. https://doi.org/10.1097/ogx.0000000000000138
Schmitt, MS, RDN, LD, T. (2017). What to Look for in Your Prenatal Vitamin. @lifesdha. Retrieved 28 April 2021, from https://www.lifesdha.com/en_PE/news/what-to-look-for-in-your-prenatal-vitamin.html.
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Question 
Prenatal Vitamins Ingredients
List 5 ingredients (Yes, there are a lot, but I want you to pick the 5 most important) from a prenatal vitamin and why each is needed for both the Mom and the developing fetus.