Pharmaceutical Treatment Regimens for Pediatric and Adult Patients

A 12-year-old male presents with bilateral otitis media and a known allergy to penicillin. The appropriate treatment is Cefdinir 300 mg orally every 12 hours for 5 days, with a total dispensation of 10 capsules. Cefdinir, a third-generation cephalosporin, is effective against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae, and it is safe for patients with non-anaphylactic penicillin allergies: Pharmaceutical Treatment Regimens for Pediatric and Adult Patients.

Acetaminophen 15 mg/kg every 6 hours as needed is recommended for fever and pain, not exceeding 3,000 mg daily. Caregivers should be educated on dosage adherence, signs of allergic reaction, and the importance of completing the full course to prevent recurrence. A key safety point includes monitoring for diarrhea or rash that may indicate an adverse reaction (Murphy et al., 2021).

A 16-year-old female with moderate acne unresponsive to over-the-counter remedies is prescribed Doxycycline 100 mg orally twice daily for three months, dispensing 180 tablets. In addition, Adapalene 0.1% gel is applied once nightly, dispensed in 1 x 45g tube. Doxycycline, a tetracycline-class antibiotic, targets inflammatory lesions by reducing Cutibacterium acnes, while adapalene, a retinoid, promotes exfoliation, cellular turnover, and comedone clearance.

Non-prescription benzoyl peroxide wash of 5% once daily may be continued to reduce bacterial resistance. Compassionate care should address self-esteem, body image concerns, and associated emotional distress, often linked to visible skin conditions. Patients should be counseled to avoid sun exposure due to doxycycline-induced photosensitivity, and sunscreen use is strongly advised (Patel & Parmar, 2023).

A 45-year-old male with two weeks of eye irritation and a longstanding history of seasonal allergies is treated with Olopatadine 0.1% ophthalmic solution, 1 drop in each eye twice daily, dispense 5 ml. This dual-acting antihistamine and mast cell stabilizer effectively reduces symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis, such as itching, tearing, and redness. Artificial tears may be used up to four times daily for additional comfort.

From a compassionate care standpoint, acknowledging the discomfort’s impact on daily life and encouraging open discussion of challenges fosters adherence and builds therapeutic trust. Patients should be educated on proper drop administration and told to discard the bottle after 30 days to prevent microbial contamination and ensure safety (Zi et al., 2020).

References

Murphy, M. E., Powell, E., Courter, J., & Mortensen, J. E. (2021). Predicting oral Beta-lactam susceptibilities against Streptococcus pneumoniae. BMC Infectious Diseases, 21(1) 679. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06341-y

Patel, R. S., & Parmar, M. (2023, May 22). Doxycycline Hyclate. StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK555888/

Zi, Y., Deng, Y., Ji, M., Qin, Y., Nong, L., Liu, Z., & Jin, M. (2020). The effectiveness of olopatadine hydrochloride eye drops for allergic conjunctivitis. Medicine, 99(7), e18618. https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000018618

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Create a pharmaceutical treatment regimen for each of the following.

• 12-year-old with bilateral otitis media; allergic to penicillin
• 16-year-old with acne resistant to over the counter remedies
• 45-year-old with 2 weeks of eye irritation. History of seasonal allergies

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