Outline and Annotated Bibliography-Methamphetamine Addiction

Outline and Annotated Bibliography-Methamphetamine Addiction

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• Introduction

1. Introductory statement: Methamphetamine is a stimulant drug that is highly addictive and has gained popularity quickly over the years.

1. 1. Thesis statement: Meth is associated with both genetics and external factors, which drive the user to be quickly tolerant to the drug, thus affecting their socio-cognitive, households, and society negatively.

• Body

  1. First Supporting Idea (Topic Sentence): Many forms of substance use have a substantial degree of heritability (Barr et al., 2006).
     1. Genes like AKT1, COMT, DD4R, COMT, Glutathione S-Transferase P1, and M1, among others, are linked with meth use (Barr et al., 2006)
     2. The high-risk genes are found in ethnic groups, including Japanese and Chinese (Barr et al., 2006).
  2. Second Supporting Idea (Topic Sentence): An individual’s environment characterized by the use of tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs makes it conducive for them to expand their use of drugs (Arria et al., 2006).
     1. Single women are prone to the use of meth.
     2. The level of education determines the use of drugs.
• 1. Third Supporting Idea (Topic Sentence): Meth affects the physical, mental, economic, and sexual health of individuals.
     1. At the individual level, meth increases the sexual energy of individuals and negatively affects their mental, behavioral, psychological, and physical health as well as economic health (Watt et al., 2014).
     2. At the family level, it directly or indirectly affects the physical, mental, and economic health of users’ families, which in turn may cause anti-social behaviors, violence in relationships, family structure erosion, and negative parenthood (Watt et al., 2014).
     3. At the community level, it causes violence, crime, police corruption, and disruption of community cohesion (Watt et al., 2014).
  2. Fourth Supporting Idea (Topic Sentence):
     1. Contingency management is among the most promising strategy for meth addiction treatment (Rawson et al., 2002).
     2. Cognitive behavioral therapy is also effective.
     3. There are limitations to current medications and treatments for meth (Rawson et al., 2002).

• Conclusion

1. 1. The extent to which the amount used, duration of use, and administration mode may influence social-cognitive functioning and the time to which these deficits can be overcome via various therapeutic strategies.

 Annotated Bibliography

Arria, A. M., Derauf, C., LaGasse, L. L., Grant, P., Shah, R., Smith, L., & Lester, B. (2006). Methamphetamine and other substance use during pregnancy: preliminary estimates from the Infant Development, Environment, and Lifestyle (IDEAL) study. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 10(3), 293-302.

This article highlights the factors conducive to methamphetamine addiction, such as single women, less education experience, old age, certain sociodemographic groups, extreme paranoia, and even economic factors. Authored by Ph.D. scholars, including Arria et al. (2006), the article discusses the prevalence of meth and how it is correlated with other substance use.

Barr, A. M., Panenka, W. J., MacEwan, G. W., Thornton, A. E., Lang, D. J., Honer, W. G., & Lecomte, T. (2006). The need for speed: An update on methamphetamine addiction. Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, 31(5), 301-313.

This article discusses meth and its various effects, including cognitive effects. It also shows a strong relationship between meth use and genetics, including meth-induced psychosis. The authors and co-authors are health research scholars.

Homer, B. D., Halkitis, P. N., Moeller, R. W., & Solomon, T. M. (2013). Methamphetamine use and HIV about social cognition. Journal of Health Psychology, 18(7), 900-910.

This article describes the effects of meth addiction on the social-cognitive functioning of users. It has also been found that the association of the drug with aggressiveness, depression, and social isolation also negatively affects families.

Lebni, J. Y., Ziapour, A., Qorbani, M., Baygi, F., Mirzaei, A., Safari, O., & Mansourian, M. (2020). The consequences of regular methamphetamine use in Tehran: qualitative content analysis. Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy, 15(1), 1-10.

This article discusses how meth has impacted the health of individuals and society at large. Although short-term consequences may seem optimistic initially, Lebni et al. (2020) find that the long-term effects are detrimental.

Rawson, R. A., Gonzales, R., & Brethen, P. (2002). Treatment of methamphetamine use disorders: an update. Journal of substance abuse treatment, 23(2), 145-150.

Rawson et al. (2002) discuss meth treatments such as contingency management and cognitive-behavioral therapy as the most promising strategies for treating meth addiction. It also discusses the effects, the medications, and the limitations of current treatments and drugs.

Watt, M. H., Meade, C. S., Kimani, S., MacFarlane, J. C., Choi, K. W., Skinner, D., & Sikkema, K. J. (2014). The impact of methamphetamine (“tik”) on a peri-urban community in Cape Town, South Africa. International Journal of Drug Policy, 25(2), 219-225.

This research study highlights the negative impacts of meth addiction on households, individuals, and the general community with a case study of South Africa. The authors are scholars from Duke University, Stellenbosch University, and the University of Connecticut within Health, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Psychology, and Research.

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The purpose of this outline and bibliography is for you to find a topic for your final paper, outline how you will address this topic, and finally, summarize scholarly sources that will help you write this final paper.
First, your outline should contain the following information:
1. Clarify a particular type of addiction you want to study
2. Specify the possible genetic reasons for this addiction
3. Specify the possible environmental reasons for this addiction
4. Explain the impact this particular type of addiction has upon individuals and families
5. Specify some of the most important ways this type of addiction might be treated.