Laboratory for Diagnosis, Symptom, and Illness Management
Ketoacidosis, an often-seen complication of DM (diabetes mellitus), was the cause of the patient’s metabolic acidosis. As per Alanazi et al. (2018), in the absence of insulin, the body shifts to breaking down any present fat stores for energy, a condition known as ketoacidosis. This process produces ketones, which are acidic and can build up in the blood, leading to metabolic acidosis. The signs and symptoms that this patient experienced that were indicative of DM include weight loss, excessive thirst, increased urination, and fatigue. These are all common symptoms of diabetes mellitus (Alanazi et al., 2018).
The patient may eventually be switched to an oral hypoglycemic agent, depending on the severity of their diabetes and how well they respond to insulin therapy. If the patient is able to maintain good blood sugar control with insulin, then they may not need to be switched to an oral hypoglycemic. However, if the patient’s diabetes is more severe, or if they have difficulty controlling their blood sugar with insulin, then an oral hypoglycemic agent may be necessary. The most common oral hypoglycemic agents are metformin and sulfonylureas (Vavanikunnel et al., 2019).
According to Pagana & Pagana (2018), the patient’s age and sex will affect how he reacts to and copes with his diagnosis of diabetes. As a 16-year-old high school football player, he is likely to be very active and have a lot of energy. This can be a positive thing, as it will help him to stay fit and healthy, but it can also be a challenge when it comes to managing his diabetes. He will need to be careful not to let his blood sugar levels get too low or too high, and he will need to be mindful of what he eats and drinks. He will also need to be sure to take his insulin regularly and as prescribed. The patient’s age and sex will also affect his psychological reaction to his diagnosis (Pagana & Pagana, 2018). As a teenage boy, he is likely to be going through a lot of changes already, and this can be a lot to deal with. He may feel scared, confused, and alone. It is important to provide him with support and information about his condition so that he can understand it and know that he is not alone.
In this case study, the patient’s parents appear to be at a crossroads as to how to respond to the discovery of their child’s illness. I would recommend that the parents seek out a comprehensive diabetes education program to learn about the disease and how to best manage it. I would also recommend that they meet with a registered dietitian to learn about how to best manage their son’s diet, and I would encourage them to exercise with their son to help him maintain a healthy weight (Jarvis, 2016). It would be great to keep up with their child’s medical appointments and to follow the recommended treatment plan.
References
Alanazi, F. K., Alotaibi, J. S., Paliadelis, P., Alqarawi, N., Alsharari, A., & Albagawi, B. (2018). Knowledge and awareness of diabetes mellitus and its risk factors in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Medical Journal, 39(10), 981. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6201026/
Jarvis, C. (2016). Physical examination & health assessment. Seventh edition. St. Louis, Mo.: Elsevier. https://cmc.marmot.org/Record/.b46401982
Pagana, T. J., & Pagana, T. J. (2018). Mosby’s Manual of Diagnostic and Laboratory Tests. Sixth Edition. Elsevier Gezondheidszorg. https://de.cdn website.com/dcd39678c7e140728c4783df708ba9c9/files/uploaded/8.pdf
Vavanikunnel, J., Charlier, S., Becker, C., Schneider, C., Jick, S. S., Meier, C. R., & Meier, (2019). Association between glycemic control and risk of fracture in diabetic patients: a nested case-control study. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 104(5), 1645-1654. https://academic.oup.com/jcem/article/104/5/1645/5244186
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Students must review the case study and answer all questions with a scholarly response using APA and include two scholarly references. Answer both case studies on the same document and upload 1 document to Moodle.
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Laboratory for Diagnosis, Symptom, and Illness Management
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