Healthcare Needs and Nursing Care Plan
My selected population is elderly American-Indian women, widowed, living alone in the rural community, and being managed for type 2 diabetes in the nearby county hospitals.
The first healthcare need is diabetes management. This need includes blood sugar control, adherence to medications, and prevention of complications related to diabetes. Social support and spiritual care needs are integral in this population. In managing type 2 diabetes among the elderly, social support, knowledge, and awareness will determine a better disease prognosis. Having caretakers who support the patients by taking them to hospitals, observing dietary recommendations, and adhering to medications is critical to better disease outcomes (Ishak et al., 2017). This population will have unmet needs because of poverty and no support system (Zhang et al., 2017). Older adults living with diabetes and in rural areas have challenges accessing healthcare. These challenges include financial challenges, inaccessible physicians, mobility issues, and lack of awareness of the best healthcare facility, which are barriers to healthcare access.
Secondly, these patients must be educated on eating healthy meals and avoiding sedentary lifestyles to reduce weight and manage obesity. The need to link the patients with dietitians and lifestyle specialists will improve the quality of care as we address the health care needs. An accountable person who will support and ensure strict adherence to dietary recommendations will aid in the sustainability of weight loss programs.
Lastly, it is essential to address the spiritual needs of this population. Interventions include offering love and care, spiritual meditation and profound intimacy with God through prayers, the market to find hope and purpose in love, the need to forgive and be forgiven, and the need to transcend life challenges (Seragi et al., 2016). Awareness of the importance of spiritual well-being while caring for the elderly suffering from diabetes aids healing.
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Provider Level of Care
Medical management for my selected population involves administering glucose-lowering medications to help control blood sugar. Secondly, the patient should be monitored and taught to ensure adherence to the nutritional recommendations. This may include referring the patient to a diabetes/ lifestyle educator or a dietitian. The patients may also be taught how to prepare simple and available healthy diet fixes like simple grains, fruits, and vegetables to help control weight. Lastly, educating the patient on lifestyle modification activities like walking for at least 20 minutes daily and the need to stop alcohol consumption will be crucial.
Telehealth facilities will involve linking the patient to a medical specialist through a mobile app (Am well). Schedules for appointments will be sent from the doctor, while live calls, video conferencing, and online prescriptions will help access doctor services without visiting the hospital. Telehealth will save on transportation time and costs, decrease the chances of acquiring hospital-acquired infections, and reduce elderly care issues.
Alternative medicine involves patients being taught the importance of meditation and tai chi, which can help improve their general wellness and health. They can use certified herbal treatments that help control blood sugars. Since they are elderly, herbal calcium supplements can help strengthen their bones. Using chiropractic and acupuncture to treat conditions like neck and back pain can help relieve symptoms associated with old age (Rhee et al., 2018). Alternative therapies are proven to alleviate symptoms related to the disease process and improve the disease prognosis.
Case Study
Olivia is a 72-year-old American-Indian female living alone in a rural community in a small apartment. She has a son who occasionally visits twice a month. She is being followed up by her primary care physician for diabetes and obesity. She feeds on fast foods mostly since she cannot prepare healthy meals. Her diet consists mainly of bread, tortillas, cheese, pasta, and potatoes. She occasionally misses clinic visits and cites cost implication challenges. She also takes alcohol to relieve herself from loneliness. Because she solely depends on government aid, she cannot afford fresh vegetables, fruits, and expensive meals. Instead, hot dogs and bologna are her frequent meals. The primary care physician recommended lifestyle modifications, dietary counseling, and adherence to her medication.
Nursing Care Plan for Olivia, 72-Year-Old Widow With Diabetes and Obesity
The nursing diagnosis is a change in the current weight by modifying diet mon, storing weekly readings, and controlling blood sugar by adhering to diabetes drugs.
Defining characteristics include being poor, an older woman living alone with no social support system, currently obese, taking alcohol, and living a sedentary lifestyle, and her diet consists of mainly processed foods with no vegetables and fresh fruits.
The expected outcomes are Olivia’s health improvement through blood sugar control and weight reduction, the development of realistic goals to help enhance the quality of meals on less income, and the establishment of a simple, sensible exercise plan that does not consume time and is also achievable for an older adult; quit alcohol and initiating talks with her son to ensure he visits more often.
Interventions include teaching strategies on planning meals to have recommended healthy diets and referring Olivia to a diabetes educator or a dietitian for follow-up if resources allow; teaching Olivia simple and straightforward menus to prepare at home that include whole grains, vegetables, and fruits in plenty; developing and encouraging Olivia to take part in regular exercises like daily walking for at least 20 minutes; teaching her the importance of adhering to her diabetes medications to avoid related complications; linking her to telehealth services and ensuring she is connected to a mobile app (AM-WELL); teaching her other therapies like meditation and Tai chi that help in stress reduction and link Olivia with a nursing care home or establish a support system to help manage loneliness.
References
Ishak et al., (2017) Diabetes self-care and its associated factors among elderly: Diabetes in primary care. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences 12(6), 504-511. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1658361217300860
Rhee, T. G., Westerg, S. M., & Harris, I. M., (2018). Use of complementary & alternative medicine in older adults with diabetes. American diabetes association journal 41(6). 95-96. Retrieved from https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/41/6/e95
Seraji, M., Shojaezade, D., & Rakhshani, F. (2016) The relationship between spiritual wellbeing and the quality of life among the older adults residing in Zahedan City (South East of Iran): 2(2), 84-88. Retrieved from http://ehj.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-24&slc_lang=en&sid=1
Zhang et al. (2017) Urban-rural differences in the association between healthcare and health outcomes among older adults in China. BMC Geriatrics journal. 17(17), 19-23. Retrieved from https://bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12877-017-0538-9
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Question 
Apply what you have learned about Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, and demonstrate the ability to develop a holistic plan of care, incorporating Telehealth and defining assessment and intervention of specific populations containing unique attributes of people for health promotion, wellness preservation, and maintenance of function across the health-illness continuum.
Healthcare Needs and Nursing Care Plan
Develop a case study and a plan of care, incorporating current mobile App technology:
Select a population. Define your population by gender, age, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, spiritual need, and healthcare need. Apply concepts learned in the course to identify healthcare needs specific to the population and access to care (Utilize your textbook Chapters 1-25 and identified Websites). Also, use at least two references within the five years.
Develop a case study for a patient in your chosen population.
Define a provider level of care that includes Telehealth, alternative therapies, and mobile App technology discussed in this class. Describe how Telehealth could impact the care delivery of this patient.
Hint: Concise, condensed information, with specifics and details about population and unique needs, with a plan for meeting these needs should be considered. Incorporate the content you have learned in this course.