Darwin’s Theories
Topic 2
Charles Darwin defines natural selection as a phenomenon where favorable traits are preserved, while injurious variations are eliminated from the environment. There is a struggle for existence among individuals based on their traits. Those with more advantageous traits thrive, as they survive and reproduce, overwhelming those with injurious variations. Darwin associates natural selection with the influence of physical changes, such as climate change, in a country: Darwin’s Theories.
For a country undergoing climate change, it would alter the number of its inhabitants, with some species ceasing to exist (Gibbs et al. 82). Species live independently of each other. If the effects of climate change impact one species, the change would affect all other inhabitants in a given ecosystem.
For instance, in an environment where lions depend on gazelles for food and the gazelles feed on grass, if a famine strikes, the number of gazelles would reduce over time due to a lack of food for their survival. Consequently, the population of lions will decrease.
Topic 3
Darwin’s assertion that natural selection is daily and hourly scrutinizing is correct (Gibbs et al. 84). However, the transformation cannot be seen with the human eye; rather, the changes are denoted over a span of time. Despite the evolution of species occurring gradually, the differences can only be noted over a long period. Changes do not occur in an individual species; rather, they occur from one generation to the next.
Hence, after a long period, one can easily identify the changes that have evolved by comparing the parents and the offspring of a species over a range of time. Species often develop adaptive characteristics and structures that are suitable for their environment. The traits are transferred to their siblings, although further modification occurs to adapt to changes in the environment.
Topic 4
Characters and the structure of species influence their natural selection. The insects inhabit colors that camouflage them with their environments, protecting them from their predators. On the other hand, the hawks have good eyesight, which helps them see their prey from a far distance. The incorrectly colored insects are highly preyed upon due to their distinct color, which makes them easily spotted.
Meanwhile, the near-sighted hawks are vulnerable to detection due to their inability to catch their prey. Such hawks can only detect prey at a close distance, where the prey hides for their safety. Thus, the near-sighted hawks and incorrectly colored insects have detrimental traits, making them rejected by nature, reducing their survival and growth due to competition and the survival of the fittest.
Work Cited
Gibbs, Steven, et al. “The Project Gutenberg eBook of On the Origin of Species, by Charles Darwin.” Gutenberg, 25 Sept. 2007, www.gutenberg.org/files/22764/22764-h/22764-h.htm#page80.
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Question 
This activity is not designed to solicit your personal opinions concerning Darwin’s theories, but to investigate why and how he may have developed his theories.
Using the resources related to Darwin from this module and in a post of at least 350 words, address no less that three (3) of the topics listed below
- Why does Darwin believe that nature has put such a premium upon the enhanced survival skills of certain creatures?
- Darwin compares natural selection to a country undergoing some form of climate change. How does he say that such an example and climate change are similar?
- Darwin argues that the hand of “natural selection is daily and hourly scrutinizing, throughout the world, the slightest variations; rejecting those that are bad, preserving and adding up all that are good; silently and insensibly working, whenever and where opportunity offers, at the improvement of each organic being in relation to its organic and inorganic conditions of life.” If Darwin is correct, how come we don’t see people, animals, and other organisms morphing before our eyes?
Darwin’s Theories
- What makes leaf-eating insects green, bark-eating insects mottled grey, and gives hawks such good eyesight? What happened to the insects of the wrong color or the near-sighted hawks?
- How could this view of the role(s) played by the laws of nature upon the rest of the animal kingdom (yes, you are a part of the animal kingdom—the ape family) be interpreted to apply to human interactions? After reading this kind of expose, what reason might some give for poverty, disease, or the domination of one people over another? [I do not mean to suggest that it should be applied, completely, to the understanding of human interactions, but some did, and I am setting the stage for that movement…]