Common Alterations in Reproductive Functioning
Endometriosis
Endometriosis is a disorder of the reproductive system in which endometrium, the tissue that lines the uterus, is discovered outside of the uterus, most frequently on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, or other organs in the pelvic cavity. This misplaced uterine tissue can cause pain, irregular bleeding, and infertility (Arafah et al., 2020). Endometriosis is estimated to affect up to 10% of women of reproductive age and may cause infertility in up to 50% of women with the condition. Endometriosis treatment options include medications, surgery, and lifestyle changes to reduce symptoms.
Pathophysiologic Alterations for Endometriosis
Endometriosis’s exact cause is unknown, but genetic, environmental, and immunological factors are thought to play a role. Endometrial tissue that protrudes from the uterus may affix to various pelvic organs and structures, including the ovaries, fallopian tubes, bladder, and intestines. This can cause inflammation, scarring, and adhesions, leading to pain and other symptoms. Endometrial tissue can also cause hormonal imbalances, affecting menstrual cycles and fertility (Mohammed Rasheed & Hamid, 2020). Endometrial tissue may also become embedded in the uterus lining, forming cysts or tumors. In some cases, endometrial tissue can spread to other body parts, including the lungs, liver, and brain.
The Alterations in Reproductive Functioning That Are Caused By the Endometriosis
Firstly, endometriosis can cause inflammation of the reproductive organs and disrupt the normal functioning of the reproductive organs, leading to infertility. Secondly, endometriosis can cause pelvic pain, especially during menstrual cycles. Thirdly, heavy or irregular periods may result because endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus due to endometriosis. Fourthly, endometriosis may cause hormonal imbalances, affecting menstrual cycles and fertility. Lastly, endometrial tissue may become embedded in the uterus lining, forming cysts or tumors.
References
Arafah, M., Rashid, S., & Akhtar, M. (2020). Endometriosis: A Comprehensive Review. Advances in Anatomic Pathology, 28(1), 30–43. https://doi.org/10.1097/pap.0000000000000288./
Mohammed Rasheed, H. A., & Hamid, P. (2020). Inflammation to Infertility: Panoramic View on Endometriosis. Cureus. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.11516./
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Question 
Step 1 Select and research a reproductive system disorder.
Step 2 Using the CDC website or other credible sources of medical information, research the pathophysiologic alterations for the reproductive system disorder you chose.
Common Alterations in Reproductive Functioning
Step 3 Select three to five key alterations in reproductive functioning that are caused by the disorder you selected.
Step 4 In addition to your original post, be sure to provide a meaningful response to at least two of your peer’s posts by Friday night at 11:59 pm Mountain Time.
In your response to your peers, provide constructive feedback and/or share a clinical example from your own experience. If differences of opinion occur, debate the issues professionally and provide data to support your opinions.