Change Theories – Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Theory and Modeling and Role Modeling Theory
Dorothea Orem’s self-care theory states that “individual’s ability to perform self-care, defined as ‘the practice of activities that individuals initiate and perform on their own behalf in maintaining life, health, and well-being.’’ (Younas 2017). In this case, nurses, even as they care for patients, must also care for themselves. The second theory is the Modeling and Role modeling theory, which enables nurses to nurture and care for patients with respect and an awareness of the uniqueness of an individual. The care given exemplifies the theory-based clinical practice, which focuses on the needs of the client.
My selected EBP topic is nurse shortages. Of the two theories, the modeling and role modeling theory will be the best fit for discussing the topic. Staff needs to be kept happy and healthy so that they, too, can care for patients in the best way possible. The modeling and role modeling theory centers on the assumptions and philosophical beliefs regarding nursing, health, environments, and people. The client in this scenario is the nursing staff. The primary purpose of the model is to gain an understanding of the client’s world from their individual perspectives and to utilize this knowledge in planning interventions that meet the client’s perceived needs, assisting the client to reach the maximum level possible of holistic health.
My preceptor has used this theory, but it is more of a daily, continuous practice. The aim of the interventions in theory is trust-building, promotion of positive orientation, promotion of perceived control, promotion of strengths, and setting health-directed mutual goals. Trusting relationships are built between the leadership and the nurses, incorporating empathy, respect, acceptance, and honesty. This directly contributes to better job satisfaction and increased nurse staff retention.
References
Erickson, M. E. (2017). Modeling and role-modeling. Nursing Theorists and Their Work-E-Book, 398.
Younas, A. (2017). A foundational analysis of Dorothea Orem’s self-care theory and evaluation of its significance for nursing practice and research. Creative Nursing, 23(1), 13-23.
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Question 
Change Theories – Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Theory and Modeling and Role Modeling Theory
Nursing Discussion-Change Theories
Compare and contrast two change theories, and determine which theory makes the most sense for implementing your specific EBP intervention. Why? Has your preceptor used either theory and to what result?