Certified Nurse Midwife
A certified nurse-midwife (CNM) is a post baccaulerrate nurse specializing in childbirth and women’s reproductive health. Education and training begin with an accredited nursing program and a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) degree (American College of Nurse-Midwives, 2022). Successful nurses then sit for an examination offered by the National Council of State Boards of Nursing to obtain licensure. Certified nurse-midwives (CNMs) hold a minimum of a Master of Science in Nursing (MSN) degree. An MSN, Advanced level CNMs, have an additional Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) post-graduate degree, while entry-level CNMs do not require a DNP. Nursing students complete a BSN in at least four years, while registered nurses complete a BSN in at least two years. Nurses with a BSN take at least two years to complete an MSN. Nurses who have completed a graduate or DNP in midwifery sit for an examination offered by the American Midwifery Certification Board (AMCB) for certification (American College of Nurse-Midwives, 2022).
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The nurses must be licensed as nurse practitioners or registered nurses and provide proof of completing a midwifery program accredited by the Accreditation Commission for Midwifery Education before being approved for the certification examination. AMCB allows each candidate to attempt the exam for times within two years after completion of a midwifery program (American College of Nurse-Midwives, 2022). Successful candidates are certified for five years, after which they need to be recertified by AMCB. CNMs practice in different states; therefore, they must be registered and certified by their state’s board. Nursing institutions in America have varying requirements for nurses enrolling in midwifery programs. Some educational institutions require a BSN before admission, while others allow admission of non-nurses. The training program for CNM focuses on women’s health, primary health care, pregnancy, childbirth, newborn care, postpartum care, health promotion and maintenance, pharmacology, advanced pathophysiology, and health assessment. CNMs can specialize in research, education, hospitals, primary health care, community health care, and birth centers.
Certified nurse-midwives (CNMs) have roles and responsibilities in women’s health, family planning, antepartum period, intrapartum period, and postpartum care (Altınayak et al., 2020). Family planning activities include patient education on contraceptives, infertility, menopause, and pregnancies. CNMs encourage women to take part in screening for diseases such as cervical cancer and prevent gynecological disorders such as sexually transmitted infections. CNMs during the antepartum period confirm pregnancies, date pregnancies, screen for high-risk behaviors and congenital abnormalities, and monitor fetal growth and development. The roles of CNMs in the intrapartum period include assessing labor, monitoring the mother and fetus, managing labor complications, and delivering the newborn and the placenta.
Postpartum care by CNMs is offered to both the mother and the baby. CNMs educate mothers on lactation, coping mechanisms, contraception, sexual activity, and uterine massage. Notably, newborn care includes cord clamping, breastfeeding, bonding with the mother, and maintaining respirations (Altınayak et al., 2020). CNMs advise mothers, their families, and caregivers on signs of postpartum depression. Mothers who lose their pregnancies or children after birth are taken through counseling sessions by CNMs. The practice of CNM-assisted births has led to decreased labor induction, decreased use of regional anesthesia, increased rates of breastfeeding, decreased rates of cesarean births, and decreased third and fourth perineal tears. CNM is a specialty that has ensured the availability of prenatal education and increased access to maternal care (Altınayak et al., 2020).
References
Altınayak, S. Ö., Apay, S. E., & Vermeulen, J. (2020). The role of midwifery associations in the professional development of midwifery. European journal of midwifery, 4, 27. https://doi.org/10.18332/ejm/122388
American College of Nurse-Midwives. (2022). Become a Midwife. Retrieved 13 June 2022, from https://www.midwife.org/become-a-midwife
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What does the position do, what are the requirements to become a nurse midwife, and what is the education you need?
Certified Nurse Midwife
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