Breastfeeding Outline

Breastfeeding Outline

Introduction

1. Hook: Breastfeeding remains to be a topic of much practicality and interest to women all around the world. Breastfeeding is the natural way of infant nutrition that encourages healthy development and growth and reduces the risks of illnesses later in an individual’s life (Prell and Koletzko par.8).
2. Background Information: Following the formation of the world, beginning with the first woman and man, breastfeeding was the only way of providing newly born babies with sufficient and quality nutrients needed to develop and grow (Byers 4). This was the case until the 20th century when safe breastfeeding options started to be marketed as global products (Byers 4).
3. Thesis Statement: According to research, breastfeeding is the most effective alternative to formula since it gives the baby all the nutrients it needs, helps in the recovery from childbirth, and protects the baby against myriads of chronic illnesses.

Body Paragraphs

1. Topic Sentence 1: Lifestyle and diet are crucial determinants of infants’ and mothers’ health, beginning from the pre-conception phase (Marangoni 1).
2. Supporting Idea 1: To breastfeed, women require protein as among the macronutrients to support fetal growth (Marangoni 2).
3. Supporting Idea 2: A relative proportion of polyunsaturated fats is also helpful in the infant’s brain development and growth (Innis and Russel par 1-2).

• Supporting Idea 3: Among the micronutrients that should be included in a mother’s diet are sources of iron, iodine, calcium, vitamin D, and folic acid (Marangoni 5-8).

Topic Sentence: Successfully adjusting to a new role as a breastfeeding mother is affected by social support, culture, and features of the child and mother (Barnes par 4-5).

1. Supporting Idea 1: Breastfeeding is a skill that can be challenging, and therefore, it requires assistance and support, especially for new mothers (Hvatum and Glavin 2).
2. Supporting Idea 2: Breastfeeding has been proven to have a positive impact on maternal and child health outcomes (Chowdhury et al. 97)

• Supporting Idea 3: Breastfeeding enhances the bond and social attachment between mother and child (Simkhada and Sardar 9).

Topic Sentence 3: Breastfeeding is healthier than formula in terms of development, biology, emotional, physical, and spiritual health of the mother and baby, as well as financially (Byers 3).

1. Breast milk has been linked to greater success when weaning children with intestinal failure off parental nutrition (Kulkarni et al. par.1).
2. Using unpurified water in formula preparation led to Botswana’s diarrhea epidemic in Botswana in 2005. Infant formula is produced industrially as a substitute for infant consumption. It is mainly based on soymilk and cow’s milk, which mimic breast milk (Martin, Ling, and Blackburn 1).

Topic Sentence 4: Breastfeeding may have some health risks, but these risks can be managed (Capital Area Healthy Start Coalition 1).

1. Excessive hunching over the infant while breastfeeding may cause some strain on the mother’s back (Capital Area Healthy Start Coalition 1).
2. Breasts can be bruised during breastfeeding, especially when the infant is pinching and squeezing its mother’s breasts (Capital Area Healthy Start Coalition 1).

• Osteoporosis is also a breastfeeding health risk where the mother may lose a minor percent of their body mass (Yan et al. par.1).

Conclusion

3. Breastfeeding has many positive results for both the infant and the mother, especially regarding health and emotional and physical well-being.
4. Although other women may prefer formula for various reasons, research shows that breastfeeding is more effective in preventing harm and promoting health.

References

Barnes, Margaret, et al. “Evaluation of a practice-development initiative to improve breastfeeding rates.” The Journal of Perinatal Education 19.4 (2010): 17-23.

Byers, Helen L. “The benefits of breastfeeding.” (2015).

Capital Area Healthy Start Coalition. Side Effects of Breastfeeding. https://capitalareahealthystart.org/side-effects-of-breastfeeding/.2022.

Chowdhury, Ranadip, et al. “Breastfeeding and maternal health outcomes: a systematic review and meta‐analysis.” Acta paediatrica 104 (2015): 96-113.

Hvatum, Ingjerd, and Kari Glavin. “Mothers’ experience of not breastfeeding in a breastfeeding culture.” Journal of Clinical Nursing 26.19-20 (2017): 3144-3155.

Innis, Sheila M., and Russell W. Friesen. “Essential n− 3 fatty acids in pregnant women and early visual acuity maturation in term infants.” The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 87.3 (2008): 548-557.

Kulkarni, Sakil, et al. “Breast milk is better than formula milk in preventing parenteral nutrition–associated liver disease in infants receiving prolonged parenteral nutrition.” Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition 57.3 (2013): 383-388.

Marangoni, Franca, et al. “Maternal diet and nutrient requirements in pregnancy and breastfeeding. An Italian consensus document.” Nutrients 8.10 (2016): 629.

Martin, Camilia R., Pei-Ra Ling, and George L. Blackburn. “Review of infant feeding: key features of breast milk and infant formula.” Nutrients 8.5 (2016): 279.

Prell, Christine, and Berthold Koletzko. “Breastfeeding and complementary feeding: recommendations on infant nutrition.” Deutsches Ärzteblatt International 113.25 (2016): 435.

Yan, Guiming, et al. “Association of breastfeeding and postmenopausal osteoporosis in Chinese women: a community-based retrospective study.” BMC women’s health 19.1 (2019): 1-7.

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This document begins as a mere sketch of what is to come, containing only our thesis and our plan for the paper’s major discussion points. However, word processing software allows us to begin filling in details quickly. As we work on our outlines, we build our papers, and gradually, our outlines look less like outlines and more like the final product that we are working toward. This is truly an evolving work, so feel free to return to this document as you continue your research and planning.

After you have drafted your thesis, begin to build your outline. Think of the logical sections your paper will need to contain in order to explore and discuss your thesis. Write each of these down. You may want to put each in bold or make each a different color—my favorite. You may use the traditional Roman numerals and capital and small letters if you would like, but you certainly don’t have to.

Consider what you already know about these sections from reading your CQ Researcher. Go ahead and fill in some information in each section. Use some quotes from your CQ Researcher. You just started writing your paper! And your outline is ready to submit at any time now.

At the minimum, your outline must include a working thesis and an indication of your paper’s major discussion points.

A better way to construct an outline is to use the MEAL plan as a guide and incorporate the one piece of evidence per paragraph you plan to include.

If you are still at a loss, consult the examples I’ve linked below. Each demonstrates a model outline well on its way to becoming a research paper. One is much more elaborate than the other, but both are excellent examples of what I am looking for.

A. Breastfeeding
1. What are the benefits of breastfeeding for babies?
i. This question is my most vital one because there have been many studies on the benefits of breastfed babies. These babies have been said to become healthier adults. Breastfed babies have less sickness growing up.
2. What should your diet consist of to breastfeed?
3. What you should know before breastfeeding?
4. Is breast milk healthier than formula?
5. What are the health risks associated with breastfeeding?