Bones in the Shoulder
Scapula spine: A bony ridge on the posterior aspect of the scapula that serves as an attachment site for several muscles involved in shoulder movement (Drake et al., 2019).
Shaft of the clavicle: The long, slender portion of the clavicle bone that connects the sternum to the scapula, providing stability and support to the shoulder joint (Drake et al., 2019).
Acromion: A bony projection on the scapula that forms the roof of the shoulder joint and helps to articulate the humerus with the scapula (Moore et al., 2019).
Head of the humerus: The rounded, ball-shaped structure at the upper end of the humerus bone that fits into the glenoid cavity of the scapula, forming the glenohumeral joint (Moore et al., 2019).
Glenohumeral joint: The ball-and-socket joint formed between the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity of the scapula, allowing for a wide range of shoulder movements (Drake et al., 2019).
Humerus: A long bone of the upper arm that articulates with the scapula to form the shoulder joint and the radius and ulna bones to form the elbow joint (Moore et al., 2019).
Medial border of the scapula: The border of the scapula closest to the spine provides attachment points for several muscles involved in shoulder movement and stabilization (Drake et al., 2019).
Humeral head: The rounded, ball-shaped structure at the upper end of the humerus bone that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral joint (Moore et al., 2019).
Acromion: A bony projection on the scapula that forms the roof of the shoulder joint and helps to articulate the humerus with the scapula (Drake et al., 2019).
The glenoid cavity of the scapula: A shallow depression on the lateral aspect of the scapula that articulates with the head of the humerus to form the glenohumeral joint (Moore et al., 2019).
The lateral border of the scapula: The border of the scapula closest to the arm provides attachment points for several muscles involved in shoulder movement and stabilization (Moore et al., 2019).
Clavicle: A long, S-shaped bone that connects the sternum to the scapula, providing support and stability to the shoulder joint (Moore et al., 2019).
Coronoid process of the scapula: A bony projection on the anterior aspect of the scapula that serves as an attachment site for several muscles involved in shoulder movement and stabilization (Drake et al., 2019).
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References
Drake, R. L., Vogl, A. W., & Mitchell, A. W. M. (2019). Gray’s anatomy for students. Elsevier. https://www.amazon.com/Grays-Anatomy-Students-Drake-PhD/dp/0323393047
Moore, K. L., Dalley, A. F., & Agur, A. M. R. (2019). Clinically oriented anatomy. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. https://www.amazon.com/Clinically-Oriented-Anatomy-K-L-Moore/dp/1496347214
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Question 
In this week’s lesson, you will learn about the upper extremity structures of the body. This includes the shoulders, the elbows and arms, the wrists and hands, as well as the nerves and blood vessels of this region of the body.
Bones in the Shoulder
This is an area of the human body that often sustains the most injury due to overuse, injury, and damage caused by certain health conditions. It’s important that you understand the structural aspects of the upper extremities as you begin to work in Kinesiology so that you can carefully test and position this area of the body.
Although the head, neck, spine, and chest are also considered to be part of the upper extremities, they will be covered in lessons 6 and 7 due to the complexities of these areas.